Footprint Calculation Co2 Emission, Energy Consumption and Water Consumption Due to Pavement Construction and Usage
Footprint Calculation
CO2 Emission, Energy Consumption and Water Consumption due to Pavement Construction and Usage
Darío Enrique Romero Santana
Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, Western Michigan University 4601 Campus Drive, Room G-249 Kalamazoo, MI 49008 United States
Introduction
Footprint is defined as the “measurement of how much land, water and natural resources a person, city, country or humanity as a whole requires to produce the resource it consumes”, (Edelman Darym). As the definition states, footprint is related to the needs of humanity, and every component of our lifestyles, as humans, contribute to it. Humans normally have different ways of living. The size of their footprint depends upon how they live. Even though not all the people live the same way, there are elements that everyone shares. Nations, cities, and communities are designed with public features. These features are designed with the general population in mind. Even though not everyone will use them, there will always be an indirect relationship between people and the use of these features. Modern methods of transportation have made it possible for a person to live in America and to have an alarm clock made in China, while wearing clothes made in Italy. Or to have breakfast with Colombian coffee, lunch with a banana grown in Costa Rica, and chocolate from Switzerland made with Indonesian cacao.
This clearly states that transportation is the key to the modern lifestyle. Trains, cars, trucks, planes and boats are all ways in which humans transport goods. Each method of transportation has different applications and uses different types of systems. To sufficiently analyze the ecological effect of each method, every component of the system needs to be taken into consideration. The following study calculates the ecological impact of the construction, use and maintenance of a road segment, throughout its lifetime, by estimating CO2 emissions and energy and water
CO2 Emission, Energy Consumption and Water Consumption due to Pavement Construction and Usage
Darío Enrique Romero Santana
Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, Western Michigan University 4601 Campus Drive, Room G-249 Kalamazoo, MI 49008 United States
Introduction
Footprint is defined as the “measurement of how much land, water and natural resources a person, city, country or humanity as a whole requires to produce the resource it consumes”, (Edelman Darym). As the definition states, footprint is related to the needs of humanity, and every component of our lifestyles, as humans, contribute to it. Humans normally have different ways of living. The size of their footprint depends upon how they live. Even though not all the people live the same way, there are elements that everyone shares. Nations, cities, and communities are designed with public features. These features are designed with the general population in mind. Even though not everyone will use them, there will always be an indirect relationship between people and the use of these features. Modern methods of transportation have made it possible for a person to live in America and to have an alarm clock made in China, while wearing clothes made in Italy. Or to have breakfast with Colombian coffee, lunch with a banana grown in Costa Rica, and chocolate from Switzerland made with Indonesian cacao.
This clearly states that transportation is the key to the modern lifestyle. Trains, cars, trucks, planes and boats are all ways in which humans transport goods. Each method of transportation has different applications and uses different types of systems. To sufficiently analyze the ecological effect of each method, every component of the system needs to be taken into consideration. The following study calculates the ecological impact of the construction, use and maintenance of a road segment, throughout its lifetime, by estimating CO2 emissions and energy and water