Electrolysis
ELECTROLYSIS
Electrolysis decomposition of compound using electricity Electrolyte an ionic compound which conducts electric current in molten or aqueous solution, being decomposed in the process. Electrode a rod or plate where electricity enters or leaves electrolyte during electrolysis.
Reactions occur at electrodes. Discharge the removal of electrons from negative ions to form atoms or the gain of electrons of positive ions to become atoms. Anode positive electrode connected to positive terminal of d.c. source.
Oxidation occurs here.
Anode loses negative charge as electrons flow towards the battery, leaving anode positively charged.
This causes anion to discharge its electrons here to replace lost electrons and also, negative charge are attracted to positive charge. Cathode negative electrode connected to negative terminal of d.c. source.
Reduction occurs here.
Cathode gains negative charge as electrons flow from the battery towards the cathode, making cathode negatively charged.
This causes cation to be attracted and gains electrons to be an atom. Anion negative ion
attracted to anode. Cation positive ion
attracted to cathode.
Non-electrolytes Weak electrolytes Strong electrolytes Organic liquids or solutions Weak acids and alkalis Strong acids, alkalis and salt solutions ethanol C2H5OH tetrachloromethane CCl4 trichloromethane CHCl3 pure water H2O sugar solution C12H22O11 molten sulphur S limewater Ca(OH)2 ammonia solution NH3 aqueous ethanonoic acid CH3COOH aqueous sulphurous acid H2SO3 aqueous carbonic acid H2CO3 aqueous sulphuric acid H2SO4 aquous nitric acid HNO3 aquous hydrochloric acid HCl aqueous potassium hydroxide KOH aqueous sodium hydroxide NAOH copper(II) sulphate solution CuSO4
Electrolysis of Molten Compounds
Molten/aqueous ionic
Electrolysis decomposition of compound using electricity Electrolyte an ionic compound which conducts electric current in molten or aqueous solution, being decomposed in the process. Electrode a rod or plate where electricity enters or leaves electrolyte during electrolysis.
Reactions occur at electrodes. Discharge the removal of electrons from negative ions to form atoms or the gain of electrons of positive ions to become atoms. Anode positive electrode connected to positive terminal of d.c. source.
Oxidation occurs here.
Anode loses negative charge as electrons flow towards the battery, leaving anode positively charged.
This causes anion to discharge its electrons here to replace lost electrons and also, negative charge are attracted to positive charge. Cathode negative electrode connected to negative terminal of d.c. source.
Reduction occurs here.
Cathode gains negative charge as electrons flow from the battery towards the cathode, making cathode negatively charged.
This causes cation to be attracted and gains electrons to be an atom. Anion negative ion
attracted to anode. Cation positive ion
attracted to cathode.
Non-electrolytes Weak electrolytes Strong electrolytes Organic liquids or solutions Weak acids and alkalis Strong acids, alkalis and salt solutions ethanol C2H5OH tetrachloromethane CCl4 trichloromethane CHCl3 pure water H2O sugar solution C12H22O11 molten sulphur S limewater Ca(OH)2 ammonia solution NH3 aqueous ethanonoic acid CH3COOH aqueous sulphurous acid H2SO3 aqueous carbonic acid H2CO3 aqueous sulphuric acid H2SO4 aquous nitric acid HNO3 aquous hydrochloric acid HCl aqueous potassium hydroxide KOH aqueous sodium hydroxide NAOH copper(II) sulphate solution CuSO4
Electrolysis of Molten Compounds
Molten/aqueous ionic