Preview

Dissertation: Fast Food Restaurants

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
20479 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Dissertation: Fast Food Restaurants
ABSTRACT

Organizational behaviour in fast food industry is an important area to analyze as fast food sector is growing rapidly. It has direct positive relation with organizational productivity. Around the globe, the penetration of fast food sector is enormous. A field study was conducted in order to evaluate the employees’ perception of various dynamics of organizational behaviour. The context selected was the fast food restaurants of Pakistan. A sample of 100 fast food restaurants’ employee was selected and data was collected using pre-printed structured questionnaires. The main data collection technique employed was factor loading using principle component analysis. It was performed on various constructs which were used to understand the organizational behaviour.

The findings of this dissertation exerts organizational decision markers to focus on acceptance of change by managers and employees, being more responsive to customers’ suggestions, employees awareness about organizational mission, non-monetary appreciation by the colleagues and seniors, task prioritization, intra-team dynamics, workload adjustment, resource sufficiency, organizational justice in the form of fairness, imparting training to the employees, job relevant training to employees, provision of congenial work environment to employee, security at work place, coordination with employees, ensuring transparency while promoting people and elimination of biasness among employees. The accomplishment of these would have important bearings on overall organizational behaviour and will ultimately improve the productivity of the organization. Like many researches, this research also has some limitations. Future research should take in to account these short comings.

Table of Contents
ABSTRACT 1
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION OF DISSERTATION: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF DISSERTATION 5 1-1: A Brief Account of the Area of Interest: 5 1-2: Choice Rationale of the Thesis Research: 6 1-3: Aim of



References: ADAMS, R. (2005) Fast food, obesity and tort reform: An examination of industry responsibility for public health. Business and Society Review, 110 s. ADLER, N. J. & GUNDERSEN, A. (2008) International dimensions of organizational behavior, South-Western Pub. BARON, R. A. (1994) The physical environment of work settings: Effects on task performance, interpersonal relations, and job satisfaction. Research in organizational behavior, 16, 1-1. BASS, B. M. (1990) Bass & Stogdill’s handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and managerial applications. 3rd ed. New York, Free Press. BATEMAN, T. S. & CRANT, J. M. (1993) The proactive component of organizational behavior: A measure and correlates. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14, 103-118. BECKER, H. S. (1982) Culture: A Sociological View. Yale Review. BEER, M., EISENSTAT, R. & SPECTOR, B. (1994) Why change programs don’t produce change. The training and development sourcebook, 309. BELL, P. A., FISHER, J. D., BAURN, A. & GREEN, T. E. (1990) Environmental Psychology, New Yorks, Holt, Rinehart & Winston. BELL, P. A., LOOMIS, R. J. & CERVONE, J. C. (1982) Effects of Heat, Social Facilitation, Sex Differences, and Task Difficulty on Reaction Time. Human factors, 19-24 BENDER, D BENDIG, A. W. (1954) Reliability and the number of rating scale categories. Journal of Applied Psychology, 38, 38-40. BESSANT, J. & FRANCIS, D. (1999) Developing strategic continuous improvement capability. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 19, 1106-1119. BETTENCOURT, L. A., GWINNER, K (1996) Customization of the service experience: the role of the frontline employee. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 7, 3-20. BIGELOW, J., SELTZER, J., VAN BUSKIRK, W., HALL, J. C., SCHOR, S., GARCIA, J. & KELEMAN, K. (1999) Management skills in action: Four teaching models. Journal of Management Education, 23, 355. BISWAS, S. & VARMA, A. (2007) Psychological climate and individual performance in India: test of a mediated model. Employee Relations, 29, 664-676. BITNER, M. J., BOOMS, B.H., TETREAULT, M.S. (1990) The service encounter: diagnosing favorable and unfavorable incidents. Journal of Marketing, 54, 71-84. BOSHOFF, C., ALLEN, J. (2000) The influence of selected antecedents on frontline staff’s perceptions of service recovery performance". International Journal of Service Industry Management, 11, 63-90. BOWEN, D. E., JOHNSTON, R (1999) Internal service recovery: developing a new construct. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 10, 118-31. BRADY, M. K. & CRONIN, J. J. (2001) Customer Orientation. Journal of service Research, 3, 241. BROWN, K., MCILVEEN, H. & STRUGNELL, C. (2000) Nutritional awareness and food preferences of young consumers. Nutrition & Food Science, 30, 230-5s. CARTWRIGHT, D. (1965) Influence, leadership, control. Handbook of organizations, 1, 47. CHANDLER, A. (1962) Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of American Enterprise Cambridge, MA, MIT Press. CHATMAN, J. A. & JEHN, K. A. (1994) Assessing the relationship between industry characteristics and organizational culture: how different can you be? Academy of Management Journal, 37, 522-553. CHURCHILL JR, G. A. & PETER, J. P. (1984) Research design effects on the reliability of rating scales: a meta-analysis. Journal of Marketing research, 21, 360-375. COLLIER, J. & ESTEBAN, R. (2007) Corporate social responsibility and employee commitment. Business Ethics: A European Review, 16, 19-33. COLQUITT, J. A., CONLON, D. E., WESSON, M. J., PORTER, C. & NG, K. Y. (2001) Justice at the millennium: A meta-analytic review of 25 years of organizational justice research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 425-445. COOLEY, A. & LAWRENCE, Z. (2006) Reward and Recognition. COOPER, D. & SCHINDLER, P. (2006) Business Research Methods, McGraw Hill. CRONBACH, L. J. (1951) Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16, 297-333. CULBERT, S. A. & MCDONOUGH, J. J. (1980) The invisible War: Pursuing Self-Interest at Work New York, John Wiley. DATA MONITOR (2005) Fast food in Asia-Pacific: industry profile. available at: www.datamonitor.com, . . DEAL, T. E., KENNEDY, A.A (1982) Corporate Cultures. DENISON, D. R. (1984) Bringing corporate culture to the bottom line. Organizational Dynamics, 13, 5-22. DOYLE, K. O. (1992) Introduction: Money and the Behavioral Sciences. American Behavioral Scientist, 641-57 DR DYSVIK, A. & KUVAAS, B. (2008) The relationship between perceived training opportunities, work motivation and employee outcomes. International Journal of Training and Development, 12, 138-157. ECONOMIC REVIEW (1998) Foreign food franchises. (Pakistan). Economic Review. EMORY, W. (1980) Business research methods, McGraw-Hill/Irwin. ENGELBRECHT, A., VAN DER BANK, L. & STRUMPHER, J. (2008) Perceived fairness of disciplinary procedures: an exploratory study. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 6, 1. FANI, K. A. (2005) Corporate Training, Major Obstacles and Remedies. Value, 1, 12-17. FARH, J. L., EARLEY, P. C. & LIN, S. C. (1997) Impetus for Action: A Cultural Analysis of Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Chinese Society. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42. FINE, B. J. & KOBRICK, J. L. (1978) Effect of Attitude and heat on Complex Cognitive Tasks. Human factors, 115-22. FORD, J. K., MACCALLUM, R. C. & TAIT, M. (1986) The application of exploratory factor analysis in applied psychology: A critical review and analysis. Personnel Psychology, 39, 291-314. FRANK, O. & SNIJDERS, T. (1994) Estimating the size of hidden populations using snowball sampling. JOURNAL OF OFFICIAL STATISTICS-STOCKHOLM-, 10, 53-53. FURNHAM, A., GUNTER, B (1993) "Corporate culture: definition, diagnosis and change. International Review of Organizational Psychology, 8, 233-61. GARG, V. K., WALTERS, B. A. & PRIEM, R. L. (2003) Chief executive scanning emphases, environmental dynamism, and manufacturing firm performance. Strategic Management Journal, 725-744. GARSON, D. G. (2010) Factor Analysis: Statnotes. . North Carolina State University Public Administration Program. GOODMAN, L. A. (1961) Snowball sampling. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 32, 148-170. GORSUCH, R. L. (1983) Factor Analysis. , Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum. GOVINDARAJULU, N. & DAILY, B. F. (2004) Motivating employees for environmental improvement. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 104, 364-372. GUTTMAN, L. (1954) Some necessary conditions for common-factor analysis. Psychometrika, 19, 149-161. HACKMAN, J. R. & OLDHAM, G. R. (1976) Motivation through the design of work: test of a theory* 1. Organizational behavior and human performance, 16, 250-279. HAIR, J. F., ANDERSON, R. E., TATHAM, R. L. & BLACK, W. C. (1998) Multivariate Data analysis With Readings, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: , Prentice-Hall. . HALL, R. H. (1987) Organizations: Structures, Processes, and Outcomes, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice Hall. HANSEN, F., SMITH, M. & HANSEN, R. B. (2002) Rewards and recognition in employee motivation. Compensation & Benefits Review, 34, 64. HANSEN, G. S. & WERNERFELT, B. (1989) Determinants of firm performance: The relative importance of economic and organizational factors. Strategic Management Journal, 10, 399-411. HEALTH AND INTEGRATED SURVEY (2009) Health and Integrated Survey. Federal Bureau of Statistics, Government of Pakistan. HECKMAN, J. J. (1979) Sample selection bias as a specification error. Econometrica: Journal of the econometric society, 47, 153-161. HENNIG-THURAU, T. (2004) Customer orientation of service employees: Its impact on customer satisfaction, commitment, and retention. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 15, 460-478. HOFSTEDE, G. (1980) Culture 's Consequences: International Differences in Work-related Values, Sage, Beverly Hills, CA. IVERSON, R. D. (1996) Employee acceptance of organizational change: the role of organizational commitment. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 7, 122-149. JAWORSKI, B. J. & KOHLI, A. K. (1993) Market orientation: antecedents and consequences. The Journal of Marketing, 57, 53-70. JOHNSON, J. W. (1996) Linking employee perceptions of service climate to customer satisfaction. Personnel Psychology, 49, 831-851. KAISER, H. F. (1960) The application of electronic computers to factor analysis. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 20, 141. KAPLAN, C. D., KORF, D. & STERK, C. (1987) Temporal and Social Contexts of Heroin-Using Populations An Illustration of the Snowball Sampling Technique. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 175, 566. KAPLAN, D. M. & FERRIS, G. R. (2001) Fairness Perceptions of Employee Promotion Systems: A Two Study Investigation of Antecedents and Mediators. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31, 1204-1222. KAPLAN, R. S. & NORTON, D. P. (2001) The strategy-focused organization: How balanced scorecard companies thrive in the new business environment, Harvard Business School Pr. KATZ, D. & KAHN, R. L. (1978) The social psychology of organizations. KAVANAGH, M. H. & ASHKANASY, N. M. (2006) The impact of leadership and change management strategy on organizational culture and individual acceptance of change during a merger. British Journal of Management, 17, S81-S103. KENNERLEY, M. & NEELY, A. (2003) Measuring performance in a changing business environment. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 23, 213-229. KOHLI, A., JAWORSKI, B (1990) Market orientation: the construct, propositions, and managerial implications. Journal of Marketing, 54. KOLB, D. A. (1976) Management and the Learning Process. California Management Review, 21-31. KOMORITA, S. S. & GRAHAM, W. K. (1965) Number of scale points and the reliability of scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 25, 987. KOTLER, P., BOWEN, J., MAKENS, J (1999) Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ, Prentice-Hall. KOTTER, J. P., HESKETT, J.L (1992) Corporate Culture and Performance. IN MACMILLAN (Ed.). New York, NY. KOYS, D. J. (1991) Fairness, legal compliance, and organizational commitment. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 4, 283-291. LAWLER, E. E. & HALL, D. T. (1970) Relationship of job characteristics to job involvement, satisfaction, and intrinsic motivation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 54, 305-312. LAWLEY, D. N. & MAXWELL, A. E. (1962) Factor analysis as a statistical method. The Statistician, 12, 209-229. LEARNING, M. J. (1998) Delivering Profitable Value, Oxford, U.K., Capstone. LEECH, N. L., BARRETT, K. C. & MORGAN, G. A. (2005) SPSS for intermediate statistics: Use and interpretation, Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc Inc. LEMONS, M. A. & JONES, C. A. (2001) Procedural justice in promotion decisions: using perceptions of fairness to build employee commitment. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 16, 268-281. LEWIS, B. R., GABRIELSEN, G.O.S. (1998) Intra-organizational aspects of service quality management: the employees’ perspective. The Service Industries Journal, 18, 64-89. LOCKE, E. A., SHAW, K. N., SAARI, L. M. & LATHAM, G. P. (1980) Goal setting and task performance: 1969-1980. MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK COLL OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT. MASLOW, A. H. (1943) A theory of human motivation. Psychological review, 50, 370-396. MCDERMOTT, R. & O 'DELL, C. (2001) Overcoming cultural barriers to sharing knowledge. Journal of knowledge management, 5, 76-85. MEYER, J. P. & SMITH, C. A. (2000) HRM practices and organizational commitment: Test of a mediation model. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences/Revue canadienne des sciences de l 'administration, 17, 319-331. MILES, M. B. & HUBERMAN, A. M. (1994) Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook, SAGE publications, Inc. MINTZBERG, H. (1980) Structure in 5 's: A Synthesis of the Research on Organization Design. Management science, 322-341. MINTZBERG, H. (1984) Power and organization life cycles. Academy of Management Review, 9, 207-224. MOLINOWSKI, E. (1991) Factor analysis in chemistry, Wiley, New York. MOORMAN, R. H. (1991) Relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behaviors: Do fairness perceptions influence employee citizenship? Journal of Applied Psychology, 76, 845-855. MORRIS, M. G. & VENKATESH, V. (2010) Job Characteristics and Job Satisfaction: Understanding the Role of Enterprise Resource. Management Information Systems Quarterly, 34, 9. NARVER, J. & SLATER, S. (1990) The effect of a market orientation on business profitability. The Journal of Marketing, 54, 20-35. NAYGA JR, R. M. (1997) Impact of Sociodemographic Factors on Perceived Importance of Nutrition in Food Shopping. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 31. O 'REILLY III, C. A., CHATMAN, J. & CALDWELL, D. F. (1991) People and organizational culture: A profile comparison approach to assessing person-organization fit. Academy of Management Journal, 34, 487-516. O DOUGHERTY, M., HARNACK, L. J., FRENCH, S. A., STORY, M., OAKES, J. M. & JEFFERY, R. W. (2006) Nutrition labeling and value size pricing at fast-food restaurants: a consumer perspective. American Journal of Health Promotion, 20, 247. PARASURAMAN, A. (1987) Customer-oriented corporate cultures are crucial to services marketing success. Journal of Services Marketing, 1, 39-46.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Better Essays

    BUS 640 Week 5 Assignment

    • 1360 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Narver, J. & Slater, S. (1990). The effect of a market orientation on business profitability. Journal of Marketing, 54, 4. 20-35…

    • 1360 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    In “It’s Portion Distortion That Makes America Fat” by Shannon Brownlee, Brownlee states that fast-food companies are the ones to be blamed for the obesity problem in America. Fast-food restaurants have already been sued for not warning consumers of the effects their meals have on their health, but yet they continue to progress in ways to make their company sell. For example, they target customers who are known to eat at such restaurants, usually young single males. From research it was known that the males who ate junk food frequently did not want to spend time cooking their own meals and preferred the fast-food because it was fast and cheap. Therefore, companies like Taco Bell decided to drop prices on food to lure more customers to their restaurant, and inevitably more customers were brought in. However, it did not stop there, businesses selling fast-food increased portion sizes to satisfy the customers while still maintaining a low-priced meal. Not only did the customers benefit but so did the company because for every dollar they charged, only 20 cents would go towards the actual food. In spite of the fact they were making profit, fast-food restaurants still made an effort to make the customer buy more. As a customer was ready to pay for their meal, the server asks if they would like a larger size item for a price under 1 dollar and just as surely the customer gives in and pays the extra 73 cents. Indeed it is certain that fast-food restaurants have done a great job at bringing customers into their stores, but ultimately they are paying for it now.…

    • 294 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Sweet Dreams Inn

    • 515 Words
    • 3 Pages

    David Bowie and Francis Buttle (2004) stated that “to achieve superior business performance companies need to identify what customer needs and wants are, and to satisfy them better than competitors”, that is adopt a market orientation. This ay of doing business focuses on creating relationships with customers and striving to maintain them long-term. It also avoids price competition because it is believed that cost is a secondary concern to level of service.…

    • 515 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    West Jest vs Air Canada

    • 1204 Words
    • 5 Pages

    References: Barney,J.B, 1986, Organizational Culture: Can it be a source of Sustained Competitive Advantage? Academy of Management Review, 11, 656-665…

    • 1204 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Final for Hsm 230

    • 2148 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Peters, T. and Waterman, R.’s In Search of Excellence, 1982, (n.d). organizational culture. Retrieved from XRefer XML database.…

    • 2148 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Best Essays

    Harnack, Lisa J. (2008). Effects of calorie labeling and value size pricing on fast food meal choices: Results from an experimental trial. Retrieved September 14, 2011, from http://www.ijbnpa.org/content/5/1/63…

    • 4444 Words
    • 18 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Best Essays

    Final Paper

    • 1938 Words
    • 7 Pages

    9. Mintzberg, H. (1979). The Structuring of Organizations: A Synthesis of the Research. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 's Academy for Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference in Entrepreneurship.…

    • 1938 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Better Essays

    Onetel Case Study

    • 1705 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Schmidt, T., 2006, A Review of Structure in Fives; Designing Effective Organisations, viewed 14 October 2007, <http://thesis.msc-cse.com/pdf/article_mintzberg.pdf>…

    • 1705 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The food environment has only recently been studied as an important contributor to the dietary decisions people make every day; decisions which ultimately impact both short- and long-term health outcomes. The built environment, or the surroundings we create for the places we live, work, shop, and so on, impacts the nutrition environment, which includes the external cues that influence one’s food choices and consumption (Sallis & Glanz, 2006). Generally, the nutrition environment in the majority of communities in the U.S. focuses on convenience, fast food, and large portion sizes and neglects fresh fruits and vegetables (2006). A nutrition environment conducive to healthy eating, where foods such as low-fat milk, fruits, vegetables, and whole grain bread are readily available at a local grocery or convenience store, is less likely to be found in lower-income communities (Frank et al., 2006; Glanz et al., 2007). Further, when healthy items are available, they are likely to cost more (Glanz et al., 2007). Therefore, one avenue for modifying eating behaviors is to change the nutrition environment in order to create an environment that is more conducive to healthy eating. A number of leading organizations in health and nutrition, including the World Health Organization, the Institute of Medicine, the International Obesity Task Force, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “have identified environmental and policy interventions as the most promising strategies for creating population-wide improvements in eating, physical activity, and weight status” (Glanz et al., 2005 p.330).…

    • 4074 Words
    • 17 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The study examined the impact of cultural assimilation in business. The aim of the study was to…

    • 14378 Words
    • 58 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Exercise and Obesity

    • 639 Words
    • 3 Pages

    References: Young, L. and Nestle, M (2007). “Portion Sizes and Obesity: Responses of Fast-Food Companies.” Journal of Public Health Policy, (2007) 28, 238-248.…

    • 639 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Persuasive Essay

    • 1262 Words
    • 6 Pages

    During the past decade there has been an increasing amount of criticism on fast food. Movies like Supersize Me have portrayed fast food as the culprit to the overwhelming amount of people who have become obese. Many health advocates are convinced that increased government regulation of the fast food industry will aid in reducing obesity levels. Yet, while there are those that want to implement restrictions on fast food, I think it would be harmful because the industry provides an effective service of supplying meals on the go for a reasonable price; saving money and time is very valued in today’s society. Fast food chains self regulate and have been responding to consumer demand for more nutritious options while changing their menu appropriately, it is the customers personal responsibility to maintain their health, and the costs of regulation would subtract from the benefits that fast food chains supply. Taking into account these reasons I think that the negative impact of restrictions far outweighs the positive benefits.…

    • 1262 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Best Essays

    Ogbonna et al (1998) ‘Organizational Culture: It’s Not What You Think Journal of General Management, 23(3) 35–48.…

    • 2454 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Marketing Orientation

    • 3227 Words
    • 13 Pages

    Jaworski, B.J. and Kohli, A.K. (1996) Market orientation: review, refinement, and roadmap. Journal of Market Focused Management. 1(1), 119-135.…

    • 3227 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Salanova, M., Agut, S., & Peiro, J. M. (2005). Linking organizational resources and work engage- ment to employee performance and customer loyalty: The mediation of service climate. Jour- nal of Applied Psychology, 90, 1217–1227.…

    • 9163 Words
    • 37 Pages
    Good Essays