In 2011 alone, 700,000 New Yorkers were pulled over for stop and frisk searches. Approximately 87 percent were Hispanic or Black and of that percentage 90 percent were deemed innocent (Huffington Post). In comparison, from 2002 to 2011 Hispanics and Blacks made up 90 percent of people stopped, and 88 percent of those stopped were innocent New Yorker (New York Civil Liberties Union). If racial profiling in this case was effective that would be one thing, but there has yet to be any published research that has proven the effectiveness of this program, which is shown in the lack of arrests produced. Violent crimes in New York have decreased by 29 percent between 2001 and 2010; however, other major cities, such as Los Angeles and New Orleans, have experience larger declines without the use of stop and frisk (New York Civil Liberties Union). This is a clear example of why this program that causes more harm than good, should be abolished.…
In the city where crime was at all time high during the nineties, the top politicians in New York City decided that something should be done to help stop crime. The NYPD implemented the “Stop and Frisk” policy to bring the crime rate down in the city. However it did more than exceed its expectations and it has been more of a negative than a positive. This policy created tension between the NYPD and the law abiding citizens of New York City because thousands stopped were people of the Black and Latino communities. According to the US Census Bureau NYC has a population of 8,336,697 people. Blacks and Latinos make up 53% of the city population. 85% of New Yorkers stopped are Black and Latino men and 6% of that number actually led to an arrest (NYCLU). At this shocking percentage, it’s apparent that this policy is discriminatory against Blacks and Latinos. Not only is this policy discriminatory, it has violated citizens constitutional rights and been deemed racial profiling.…
Ethnicity and Stop and Frisk laws have become a topic of concern because it questions the constitutional right of the fourth amendment. Police Officers are said to abuse power given their authority to stop and frisk a person under the “reasonable suspicion” clause of the fourth amendment. This research will argue that reasonable suspicion is subject to personal interpretation of police officers and perjury may be involved. With that being said minorities of Black and Hispanic backgrounds are the targeted population for this course of action.…
The efficiency and legality of profiling is highly debated. Profiling occurs in neighborhoods, schools, and in businesses. Young black men driving expensive cars along a commonly used drug route or in a troubled community, an Arab trying to fly into or out of the United States, and Hispanics near the border are all commonly targeted by public officials for an unprovoked arrest or detention (Korsmeyer & Kranzler 317). In Maryland, African Americans made up 17.5 percent of the driving population, but 77 percent of the people police pulled over and searched were African American (Korsmeyer & Kranzler 318). Statistics from New Jersey found that 77 percent of the people who were stopped and searched were African American or Hispanic even though they do not even comprise 30 percent of the population (Korsmeyer & Kranzler 318)…
Dylan White Professor Kerley Govt. 2305 23 November 2013 Racial Profiling In the United States, ‘The land of the Free’, racial profiling of minority groups seems all too common. Many Americans believe that law enforcement as well as many other people often discriminates on minority groups simply because of their color of their skin. Civil rights activist and many leaders of minority groups are pressuring Enforcement agencies to eliminate racial and ethnic profiling during traffic stops and supposed random pedestrian stops. However, many law enforcement representatives claim that the complaints about these activities are overstated and are simply in the heads of the accusers. As a nation with a history of racial slavery and racial segregation, particularly towards any group that is not Anglo-American or fair skinned, African-Americans have long complained of racial profiling. Although racial slavery has been over for over one hundred years, and segregation that ended over fifty years ago, there is still tension between many people over race. Hispanics and Muslims are two other ethnic groups that feel the racial profiling, often being suspected of being terrorists or being illegal immigrants.…
‘The belief that a high rate ‘In New York City 80% of the NYPD stop checks were of blacks and Latinos’ (Quigley). It is more common for African Americans to be checked, by making them lay flat on to the ground, in comparison to any other group in USA. Moreover, the fear of police shooting have made African Americans parents so much afraid of the police that they train their children’s to not stir during a police check and to slowly access driving documents while the hands still raised up. Still African Americans form biggest segment of population killed during police checks and most of the time the person killed is unarmed highlighting the injustice resulting from bias attitude of policemen against African Americans. ‘Therefore, the ferocious afro, the wearing of beads, teeth, fetish necklaces and the like always define a militant black radical. It is no matter that these outer camouflages for the black ego and devotion to retrospective glory are no more than a ghetto fashion. These are the stigmata of the enemy to the police’ (Wright). The 7:1 ratio of African Americans to white shot and killed by police that prevailed in the 1960s and 1970s clearly reflected racial discrimination by the police while during the 1990s this ratio was 3:1 (Samuel…
Knowles, John, Nicola Persico, and Petra Todd Pickerill, J. Mitchell, Clayton Moshur, and Travis Pratt. "Search and Seizure, Racial Profiling, and Traffic Stops: A Disparate Impact Framework." Law & Policy 31.1 (2009): 6-12. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 28 Mar. 2011.…
In terms of motorists, in 2005 Black drivers were three times more likely to be stopped and searched by police than Whites, and were twice as likely than White drivers to be arrested during a traffic stop (“Reality of Racial Profiling”). These findings demonstrate that police are more likely to target people of color than Whites and case studies have shown that this practice is counterproductive and a misallocation of law enforcement resources. For example, in Arizona although Black motorists were more likely than Whites to be stopped and searched, Whites who were searched were more likely to be carrying contraband (“Reality of Racial Profiling”). The case study in Arizona exemplifies a problem in the criminal justice system that must be addressed. Minority motorists are more likely than White motorists to be stopped and harassed by police based off the inherent belief that people of a minority race, ethnicity, or religion are more likely to engage in criminal or unlawful activity than…
The majority of society believes that racial profiling does not exist, yet it does. Racial profiling creates the psychological assumption that all minorities will most likely engage in criminal activity, whether it is intentional or unintentional. This form of criminal action is illegal and is a transparent form of racism. Racial profiling is a severe problem in today’s society, whether it is in the U.S or in other countries. This sort of action is not based on one category. It can be based on race, gender, appearance, religion, etc. Racial profiling and the inability to protect to the minority society has prevented the minorities from trusting the law enforcement. According to Ramirez (2000), racial profiling is defined as any police action…
Blacks have been the main suspects of racial profiling. Tens of thousands of black motorist on highways across the country are victims of racial profiling. Black drivers account for 26.2 percent of stops resulting from the use of radar or laser devices for from red-light violations; however, they only make up 15.1 percent of the country's population. Today, skin color makes you a suspect in America. It makes you more likely to be searched and more likely to be arrested and imprisoned. In Montgomery, black drivers were stopped with a disproportionate rate when compared with the number of blacks in the county(www.washington.com). Police Chief Charles A. Moose said at a news conference that he thinks black drivers are being stopped at a fair rate. Racial profiling is prevalent in America. Despite the civil rights victories of 30 years ago, official racial prejudice still reflects throughout the criminal justice system.…
INTRODUCTION New York City has a policy in place known as the Stop and Frisk policy. According to New York Criminal Procedure (2012), if a police officer, “suspects that (a) person is committing, has committed or is about to commit either (a) a felony or (b) a misdemeanor defined in the penal law, and may demand of him his name, address and an explanation of his conduct ("New York Criminal," 2012).” Also stated in the procedural handbook, if a police officer, “reasonably suspects that he is in danger of physical injury, he may search such person for a deadly weapon or any instrument, article or substance readily capable of causing serious physical injury and of a sort not ordinarily carried in public places by law-abiding persons ("New York Criminal," 2012).” In short, this policy allows officers to stop suspicious citizens and frisk them for weapons or drugs; it was put into place on September 1, 1971 (“WNYC Newsroom,” 2012). According to Hennelly (2009), “Ninety percent of those stopped were people of color. Only about 10 percent produced an arrest or summons… the NYPD has consistently denied that its stop and frisk strategy involves racial profiling.” Stop and frisk has been the cause of many disagreements and lawsuits (“WNYC Newsroom,” 2012); the policy comes with many pros and cons.…
A recent troublesome area relates to racial profiling the police practice targeting member of certain racial groups for street questioning or traffic stops on the assumption that members of these groups are likely to be engaged in illegal activities. African Americans and civil rights organizations have complained for years about the practice because police do not need probable cause to stop someone and because it encourages racial discrimination.…
Back in the 1960s, African Americans were promised that the United States of America would no longer judge people by the color of their skin. Today, nearly fifty years later, the issue of double standards pertaining to race and ethnicity still remains quite controversial. One of the many ways the problem manifests itself is the practice of racial profiling, which is “any arbitrary police-initiated action based on race, ethnicity, or natural origin rather than a person’s behavior.”1 In an attempt to fight the war on drugs, or, more recently, on terrorism, federal and local governments are searching for more effective policies, which can have unintended racial consequences. Racial profiling happens to be one of them. More specifically,…
In the United States, the rights of African American and Latino are constantly being violated. The reason is because they continuing to be targeted by law enforcement. For many years, these two ethnic groups have been picked over all other races to be profiled. The mistreatment of Blacks and Latino is unfair and should be changed immediately. Due to the continuous profiling of these two groups, the state of California has passed new racial profiling laws. The law is known as the Racial and Identity Profiling Act of 2015, which make it mandatory that every time an officer stop an individual, that the encounter must be reported to the Attorney General (Rankin, 2015). This law was established to reduce racial profiling in California against Blacks…
“But the suburb’s widening gulf between the number of white and minority traffic stops is troubling to some civil rights experts and is drawing attention to police practices. Such frequent stops also raise questions that the suburb is seeking to boost revenues by targeting and imposing fines on minority drivers” (Schroedter…