Andrea Natalie Young
COM/170 ELEMENTS OF UNIVERSITY COMPOSITION AND COMMUNICATION I
April 16, 2013
Conswellor Ogden-Darling
Miscarriage vs. Abortion Over 1.3 million abortions, and about 4.4 million miscarried pregnancies, happen yearly in the USA. Abortion and miscarriage are very common when it concerning teen or stressed pregnancies. They are very similar in regard to loss of life, the emotions and health risks. Abortion History Back in ancient time, abortion was the form of birth control in ancient Egypt, Greece and, Rome but was performed in many ways. There were herbs, sharp tools and, other proficiencies used to terminate the fetus. Later on, the middle ages accepted it only in the early part of pregnancy. In the 19th century, the opinion of abortion changed, not only for the ancient times but also the citizen of the United States. By the 1970s abortion was legalized in most part of Europe and Japan. However, in the United States, abortion was permitted during the first six months of the pregnancy. Over the years, the subject Abortion was and still is a big controversial issue in the world today (Abortion: History of Abortion, 2005). Loss of Life
Abortion
An abortion occurs when the pregnancy is ended or terminated by physical means so that it does not result in the birth of a child. Sometimes this is called ‘termination of pregnancy’. The fetus is removed from the womb, either by taking a pill (medically proven), which is taken to cause a miscarriage. The second way is surgical. Surgical abortion occurs when the fetus is removed from the womb with instruments. Most of all abortions is taken care of on a one day basis, meaning it is not required to stay overnight. There are several instruments used to terminate the pregnancy. The instruments used during the surgery are called Manual Vacuum Aspiration, Uterine Curette, Syringe, Forceps, Cervical dilators and last but not least, Embryotomy scissors. The Manual Vacuum creates suction which removes the fetus out of the womb. Secondly, Uterine Curette is used to cut the child apart and out of the placenta. Next, Syringe is a needle that injects saltwater into the spine causing the baby to be poison. Another instrument is called the Forceps, which is used to crush, grasp, grip and pull the unborn child’s body apart. Next, Cervical dilators are used to dilate the cervix so that the abortion instrument can be used. Finally, Embryotomy scissors are used to cut off the head, arms, and legs of the unborn (What Kind of Abortion: bpas, 2010). Miscarriage A miscarriage happens when the fetus dies before the 20th week of pregnancy. The medical term for “miscarriage” is spontaneous abortion, but it is not directed to abortion. Not a large amount of pregnant woman know when they are going through a miscarriage because they have the similar symptoms to a normal pregnancy. Some of the symptoms are heavy or light bleeding, severe cramps, abdominal pain, fever and, weakness. A common miscarriage would occur in the first trimester or three months in the pregnancy. That happens when the mother or father health is not in good standing. It affects with the father because if the father is not healthy, the sperm would not be also. The causes of miscarriages are infections in the body, exposure to chemicals, certain medications and, severe malnutrition. This is why it is important for you to take care of yourself during the first stages of the pregnancy (WebMD, 2005-2013) Emotions
Abortion
Due to the process of abortion, many teens and adults go through stages of depression. Scientifically studies show that 90%-50% of teens and adults go through suicidal thoughts and anger or rage. Those emotions came from the strong feeling of loneliness or isolations from others. On the brighter side, if a female feels as if she is not ready to bring a child into the world, she would have a sigh of relief. This would help the mother financially in many ways. A young one is very hard to take care of by yourself, especially with no support. For example: if there is a mother who is not even in the middle class of this economy, her best choice would be a abortion because it would hurt more to bring a life, who cannot live the life (The Emotional Effects of Abortion: After Abortion, 1999).
Miscarriage After a miscarriage a female emotions goes wild. The varieties of emotions are disbelief, guilt, depression, and sadness. They would also go through this process called the Greif Process. Step one of the Greif Process is Shock or Denial. When a woman is in shock or denial, the body tends to stay still and wants to be alone. Have you ever heard someone said “they are in shock or I am in shock”? If so, it is the same thing. The second step of the Greif Process is anger or guilt. Anger and guilt are the most common emotions when it is coming to miscarriages. It is also hard for a woman to deal with this situation by herself, and with no support. Even though women are more expressive about their loss, they are more than likely to look for support from others. Men may be more action-oriented, violent, tend to gather facts and solve problems regarding what happened and why it happened, and therefore often do not want support from others or to participate in support networks that consist of sharing feelings. This does not mean he is not grieving, which he is, he is just not showing it to everyone, and instead they bury themselves in their work instead of grieving. The last step of the Greif Process is Acceptance. It comes to a point in time, when the mother would have to accept the loss. Once she has accept but not let go, her life would be easier to handle from this point on (American Pregnancy Association, 2013).
Health Risk
Abortion and Miscarriage Based on studies, women who abort or miscarried are more likely to die in the following year than woman who carry their pregnancies to term. The leading cause of death with abortion and miscarriage is hemorrhage. Hemorrhaging occurs when the body bleeds internal causing clotting in the blood and bruising on the skin. Other cause of death are infections, embolism, anesthesia, and undiagnosed ectopic pregnancies. Legal abortion is reported to be the fifth leading cause of maternal death in the United States (WebMD, 2005-2013). In conclusion, abortion and miscarriages happen every five seconds in the world today. We can prevent these can of situations by practicing abstinence or safe sex.
Reference
Abortion: History of Abortion (2005). Infoplease. Retrieve from. http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/science/abortion-history-abortion.html
American Pregnancy Association: After a Miscarriage (2013). Retrieve from. http://americanpregnancy.org/pregnancyloss/mcsurvivingemotionally.html
Grantham Collection (2007). Retrieve from. http://abortioninstruments.com/index_instruments2.html
Pregnancy and Miscarriage: WebMD (2005-2013). Retrieve from. http://www.webmd.com/infertility-and-reproduction/guide/pregnancy-miscarriage
The Emotional Effects of Abortion: After Abortion (1999). Retrieve from. http://afterabortion.org/1999/the-emotional-effects-of-abortion/
What Kind of Abortion: bpas (2010). Retrieve from. http://www.bpas.org/bpasyoungpeople/what-is-abortion
COM 170 Final Compare/Contrast Essay & Presentation
Rubric
|Content and Development |Possible |Points Earned |Additional Comments |
| |Points | | |
| | | | |
|All key elements of the assignment are covered in a substantive|2 | | |
|way. | | | |
|The paper is focused on one of the required topics. | | | |
|The paper is a minimum of 1,050 to 1400 words in length. | | | |
|The content is comprehensive and accurate and compares and/or |3 | | |
|contrasts at least two subjects and is comprised of at least | | | |
|five paragraphs. | | | |
|Introduction paragraph includes a ‘hook’, background |3 | | |
|information, and thesis statement as the last sentence. | | | |
|The thesis statement contains the two subjects of | | | |
|compare/contrast and three points about the subjects. | | | |
|Thesis statement is no longer than 25 words. | | | |
|Thesis statement is reflected throughout entire essay. | | | |
|At least three body paragraphs are included, and each contain |3 | | |
|topic sentences, supporting details that focus on a single | | | |
|idea, and a concluding sentence; examples, and analysis are | | | |
|used and logically organized. | | | |
|The conclusion is logical, flows from the body of the paper, |1 | | |
|and reviews the major points. Clincher sentence utilizes one an| | | |
|appropriate ‘closing’ strategy. | | | |
|Readability and Style | | |Additional Comments |
|3 Points | | | |
| | | | |
|Paragraph transitions are present, logical, and maintain the |1.5 | | |
|flow throughout the paper. Paragraphs are no longer than eight | | | |
|sentences. | | | |
|Sentences are complete, clear, and concise. | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
|Sentences are well constructed, strong, and varied. | | | |
|The tone is appropriate to the content and assignment (tone is |1.5 | | |
|your attitude towards the subject). | | | |
|Tone is scholarly and professional. | | | |
|Limited use of 1st person pronouns, and NO 2nd person pronouns | | | |
|(YOU and Your) are used. | | | |
|Mechanics | | |Additional Comments |
|3 Points | | | |
|Rules of grammar, usage, spelling, and punctuation are |1 | | |
|followed. | | | |
|Compliance with APA, 6th Edition format is used, including |2 | | |
|title page, headings, page headers, double-spacing, | | | |
|indentation, margins, and correctly formatted reference page, | | | |
|citations (if outside source(s) used). Indentation | | | |
|Presentation |2 | | |
|You presented your paper in class. | | | |
|Presentation is in a PowerPoint with at least five slides. In | | | |
|which you did the following: | | | |
|1-Discussed your subjects and the three points about them. | | | |
|2-Discussed why you selected your topic | | | |
|3-Discussed how your topic is relevant or can be used in your | | | |
|personal life. | | | |
|4-Discussed how you narrowed your topic. | | | |
|5-Discussed any research you used. | | | |
|Made eye contact | | | |
|Spoke in loud, clear voice. | | | |
|Dressed appropriately. | | | |
|Addressed all requirements as discussed in the syllabus. | | | |
|Total Possible Points |Total |Points Earned | |
|20 Points |20 Points |xx/20 | |
| |Overall Comments: | |
| | | |
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