Chemistry
1 in vapour state sulphur partly exists as S2 molecule which has 2 unpaired electrons in the antibondind pi orbitals jus lyk oxygen and thus exhibits paramagnetism.
2
An interhalogen compound is a molecule whose atom contains two or more different halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine or astatine).
Most interhalogen compounds known are binary (composed of only two distinct elements). Their formulas are generally XYn, where n = 1, 3, 5 or 7, and X is the less electronegative of the two halogens. They are all prone to hydrolysis, and ionise to give rise to polyhalogen ions.
No interhalogen compounds containing three or more different halogens are known[1], although a couple of books claim that IFCl2 and IF2Cl have been obtained,[2][3][4][5] and theoretical studies seem to indicate that some compounds in the series BrClFn are barely stable.[6]
3
A nitrate test is a chemical test used to determine the presence of nitrate ion in solution.
A common nitrate test, known as the brown ring test[1] can be performed by adding iron(II) sulfate to the solution, then slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid (NOT nitric acid, for obvious reasons) and watching for a brown ring on the test tube, which will indicate the presence of the nitrate ion.[2] Note that the presence of nitrite ions will interfere with this test.[3]
The test follows several phases; these have been written as balanced chemical equations:
1: 2 Zn(NO3)2 + 2 H2SO4 ? 2 ZnSO4 + 4 HNO3
4 FeSO4 + 2 H2SO4 ? 2 Fe2(SO4)3 + H2
These two reactions happen simultaneously.
2: 4 HNO3 ? 2 H2O + 3O2 + 2 NO
The Nitric Acid decomposes in the intense heat produced by the high concentrate Sulphuric Acid used.
3: 2 Fe2(SO4)3 + 2 H2 + 4 NO ? 4 Fe.NO.SO4 + 2 H2SO4
The Fe.NO.SO4 forms a brown ring in the middle of the solution produced by the reaction, making it easy to identify the presence of nitrates in the water.
4.
LABORATORY METHOD In laboratory Cl2 gas is
2
An interhalogen compound is a molecule whose atom contains two or more different halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine or astatine).
Most interhalogen compounds known are binary (composed of only two distinct elements). Their formulas are generally XYn, where n = 1, 3, 5 or 7, and X is the less electronegative of the two halogens. They are all prone to hydrolysis, and ionise to give rise to polyhalogen ions.
No interhalogen compounds containing three or more different halogens are known[1], although a couple of books claim that IFCl2 and IF2Cl have been obtained,[2][3][4][5] and theoretical studies seem to indicate that some compounds in the series BrClFn are barely stable.[6]
3
A nitrate test is a chemical test used to determine the presence of nitrate ion in solution.
A common nitrate test, known as the brown ring test[1] can be performed by adding iron(II) sulfate to the solution, then slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid (NOT nitric acid, for obvious reasons) and watching for a brown ring on the test tube, which will indicate the presence of the nitrate ion.[2] Note that the presence of nitrite ions will interfere with this test.[3]
The test follows several phases; these have been written as balanced chemical equations:
1: 2 Zn(NO3)2 + 2 H2SO4 ? 2 ZnSO4 + 4 HNO3
4 FeSO4 + 2 H2SO4 ? 2 Fe2(SO4)3 + H2
These two reactions happen simultaneously.
2: 4 HNO3 ? 2 H2O + 3O2 + 2 NO
The Nitric Acid decomposes in the intense heat produced by the high concentrate Sulphuric Acid used.
3: 2 Fe2(SO4)3 + 2 H2 + 4 NO ? 4 Fe.NO.SO4 + 2 H2SO4
The Fe.NO.SO4 forms a brown ring in the middle of the solution produced by the reaction, making it easy to identify the presence of nitrates in the water.
4.
LABORATORY METHOD In laboratory Cl2 gas is