Chapter 1 Outline New World Beginnings
Chapter 1 Outline
I. The Shaping of North America
A. About 225 million years ago, a single supercontinent contained the entire world’s dry land and later enormous chunks began to drift away.
B. Continuous shifting and folding of the earth’s crust formed the Appalachians, Rockies, and other huge mountain ranges.
C. The Great Ice Age hits the world and when it retreated, it left the entire landscape of North America changed forever.
II. Peopling the Americas
A. Land Bridge theory
1. Occurred around 35,000 years ago.
2. The Ice Age formed a land bridge in the area of present-day Bering Sea, which allowed nomadic groups of people to enter the Americas.
B. Group of Nomads
1. Traveled across the Bering Land Bridge and populated the Americas
2. Split into countless tribes and evolved into over 2,000 languages
a. Incas- Peru
b. Mayans- Central America
c. Aztecs- Mexico
III. The Earliest Americans
A. Pueblo Indians
1. Constructed intricate irrigation systems to water their cornfields.
2. Lived in adobes and pueblos.
B. Mound Builders
1. Lived at Cahokia, near present-day East St. Louis.
2. Built an elaborate pueblo of more than six hundred interconnected rooms at Chaco Canyon.
C. Eastern Indians
1. Developed the three-sister farming where the beans grew on the trellis of the cornstalks and the squash covering the planting mounds to retain moisture in the soil.
2. Among them were the Creek, Choctaw, and Cherokee.
D. Iroquois Confederacy
1. Created by the legendary leader, Hiawatha.
2. Developed political and organizational skills to sustain a robust military alliance that menaced its neighbors.
IV. Indirect Discoveries of the New World
A. Blonde bearded Norse from Scandinavia reaches North America.
1. The Vikings landed around 1,000 C.E.
2. They landed at a place near L’Anse aux Meadows in present-day Newfoundland.
3. They soon abandoned the place and their discoveries were soon forgotten.
B. Christian Crusaders rank high among America’s
I. The Shaping of North America
A. About 225 million years ago, a single supercontinent contained the entire world’s dry land and later enormous chunks began to drift away.
B. Continuous shifting and folding of the earth’s crust formed the Appalachians, Rockies, and other huge mountain ranges.
C. The Great Ice Age hits the world and when it retreated, it left the entire landscape of North America changed forever.
II. Peopling the Americas
A. Land Bridge theory
1. Occurred around 35,000 years ago.
2. The Ice Age formed a land bridge in the area of present-day Bering Sea, which allowed nomadic groups of people to enter the Americas.
B. Group of Nomads
1. Traveled across the Bering Land Bridge and populated the Americas
2. Split into countless tribes and evolved into over 2,000 languages
a. Incas- Peru
b. Mayans- Central America
c. Aztecs- Mexico
III. The Earliest Americans
A. Pueblo Indians
1. Constructed intricate irrigation systems to water their cornfields.
2. Lived in adobes and pueblos.
B. Mound Builders
1. Lived at Cahokia, near present-day East St. Louis.
2. Built an elaborate pueblo of more than six hundred interconnected rooms at Chaco Canyon.
C. Eastern Indians
1. Developed the three-sister farming where the beans grew on the trellis of the cornstalks and the squash covering the planting mounds to retain moisture in the soil.
2. Among them were the Creek, Choctaw, and Cherokee.
D. Iroquois Confederacy
1. Created by the legendary leader, Hiawatha.
2. Developed political and organizational skills to sustain a robust military alliance that menaced its neighbors.
IV. Indirect Discoveries of the New World
A. Blonde bearded Norse from Scandinavia reaches North America.
1. The Vikings landed around 1,000 C.E.
2. They landed at a place near L’Anse aux Meadows in present-day Newfoundland.
3. They soon abandoned the place and their discoveries were soon forgotten.
B. Christian Crusaders rank high among America’s