Biology Exam Q&a
Biology 110-12
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1. What are the five kingdoms and give a brief description of each kingdom? Answer: Monera- Single celled prokaryotes;bacteria Protista - Mostly single celled eukaryotes; Photoautotrophs (algae) and heterotrophs (protozoa) Fungi-Multicellular eukaryotes that feed by extracellular digestion and absorption Heterotrophs: includes decomposers, many pathogens and parasites Plantae-Multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs producers Animalia- Diverse multicellular heterotrophs Range from sponges to vertebrates
2. Who developed the binomial system of nomenclature (genus and species)? Answer: Carl von Linne.
3. List the levels of classification beginning with kingdom and ending with species. Answer: Kingdom>Phylum>Class>Order>Family>Genus>Species
Chapter 15 and 16
1. How are prokaryotic cells characterized? Explain each in detail. Answer: Cytoplasm; Plasma membrane; Ribosomes; Cell wall composed of peptidoglycan; Glycocalyx – jelly like capsule that helps bacteria attach to a substrate; Flagellum – for locomotion; Pili – help bacteria to attach to other bacteria or surfaces
2. What structures are found in prokaryotic cells? Answer: Ribosomes
3. Give examples of bacteria classified as Archeabacteria and Eubacteria. Answer: Archeabacteria: Methanogens – “methane makers”; Extreme halophiles – “salt lovers”; Extreme thermophiles – “heat lovers” Eubacteria: spirochetes; chlamydias; proteobacteria; Gram-positive bacteria; cyanobacteria
4. What method do prokaryotic cells use to reproduce and what is the end result? Answer: Asexual, Results in two genetically identical daughter cells
5. What is a plasmid? Answer: Self-replicating circle of DNA that has a few genes; Can be passed from one cell to another
6. What two components compose a virus? Answer: Consists of protein wrapped around a nucleic acid core
7. Why is a virus nonliving? Answer: Noncellular infectious agent; Cannot reproduce itself; can only be reproduced using a host cell
8. What are
.
1. What are the five kingdoms and give a brief description of each kingdom? Answer: Monera- Single celled prokaryotes;bacteria Protista - Mostly single celled eukaryotes; Photoautotrophs (algae) and heterotrophs (protozoa) Fungi-Multicellular eukaryotes that feed by extracellular digestion and absorption Heterotrophs: includes decomposers, many pathogens and parasites Plantae-Multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs producers Animalia- Diverse multicellular heterotrophs Range from sponges to vertebrates
2. Who developed the binomial system of nomenclature (genus and species)? Answer: Carl von Linne.
3. List the levels of classification beginning with kingdom and ending with species. Answer: Kingdom>Phylum>Class>Order>Family>Genus>Species
Chapter 15 and 16
1. How are prokaryotic cells characterized? Explain each in detail. Answer: Cytoplasm; Plasma membrane; Ribosomes; Cell wall composed of peptidoglycan; Glycocalyx – jelly like capsule that helps bacteria attach to a substrate; Flagellum – for locomotion; Pili – help bacteria to attach to other bacteria or surfaces
2. What structures are found in prokaryotic cells? Answer: Ribosomes
3. Give examples of bacteria classified as Archeabacteria and Eubacteria. Answer: Archeabacteria: Methanogens – “methane makers”; Extreme halophiles – “salt lovers”; Extreme thermophiles – “heat lovers” Eubacteria: spirochetes; chlamydias; proteobacteria; Gram-positive bacteria; cyanobacteria
4. What method do prokaryotic cells use to reproduce and what is the end result? Answer: Asexual, Results in two genetically identical daughter cells
5. What is a plasmid? Answer: Self-replicating circle of DNA that has a few genes; Can be passed from one cell to another
6. What two components compose a virus? Answer: Consists of protein wrapped around a nucleic acid core
7. Why is a virus nonliving? Answer: Noncellular infectious agent; Cannot reproduce itself; can only be reproduced using a host cell
8. What are