Whatever the mission‚ be it manned or unmanned‚ for scientific research‚ applications or space transportation‚ a spacecraft must withstand the extreme stresses which occur during the launch phase‚ and once in orbit‚ the rigours of the space environment. There is one way of making sure of this: to test the spacecraft on Earth under conditions simulating‚ as closely as possible‚ those it will meet during the launch and its orbital life. This can be done with with tests which demonstrate by application
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ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES INTRODUCTION: An Artificial Satellite is a people-made machine that orbits a variety of other objects in space. Many Artificial Satellites orbit the Earth to gather information about the universe‚ to predict the weather‚ to help with the navigation of ships and planes‚ to assist in telephone calls over the ocean‚ to observe the Earth‚ and as a tool to improve military activities. Though Artificial Satellites have mostly orbited Earth‚ some have orbited the moon‚ the sun
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The Future of Satellite Internet: For many people throughout the world‚ the only way to get online is by using satellite internet service. This is because they live in regions where traditional cable or DSL lines are not there. This may be because of landscape or the fact that some homes and businesses are simply located too far into rural regions and it is not cost effect for traditional companies to run lines to only one or two clients. However‚ a satellite internet connection does not rely
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The current headlines regarding “extreme weather events” occurring around the world and here in America left a curiosity about the history and technology used to forecast the Earth’s weather. Around the world meteorologists use technology such as satellites‚ infrared‚ radio‚ and radar transmissions‚ to help determine the most accurate forecast possible. However‚ even with the most advanced technology available‚ no predication is 100% accurate. Captain Robert Fitzroy of Great Britain started a forecasting
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Satellite Visibility and Availability A Ganesh and R Narayanakumar The satellite visibility and availability is an essential parameter for precise positioning and surveying. Users of GPS must know where‚ when and what satellites should be tracked to attain the best results. The following are the essential measures a GPS operator is expected to know‚ during positioning. The elevation angle: - is the angle from the antenna between the horizontal and the line of sight to the satellite.
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Wireless Power Transmission for Solar Power Satellite (SPS) (Second Draft by N. Shinohara) 1. Theoretical Background It is known that electromagnetic energy also associated with the propagation of the electromagnetic waves. We can use theoretically all electromagnetic waves for a wireless power transmission (WPT). The difference between the WPT and communication systems is only efficiency. The Maxwell’s Equations indicate that the electromagnetic field and its power diffuse to all directions. Although
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equatorial plane of the earth such that a satellite appears to hover over a fixed point on the equator. The period of revolution is equal to the period of rotation of the earth with respect to the stars‚ or 23 hours 56 minutes 4.1 seconds‚ and thus by Kepler’s third law the orbital radius is 42‚164 km. Taking into account the radius of the earth‚ the height of a satellite above the equator is 35‚786 km. Clarke observed that only three satellites would be required to provide communications
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Comparison and Contrast Essay Cable Verses Satellite Introduction: There are more households today which have televisions and computers than at any time in history. Nowadays in order to watch a good movie on television‚ you have to have something other then local channels. Years ago you could catch a good movie at night on the television. Now the way things are‚ you can’t just get away with local channels. You need to have a cable or satellite service. Before you go out and pay for a
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Recent Trends in Wireless Radio and Satellite Communication Gori Shankar1‚ Rajiv Kumar2 Suresh Gyan Vihar University‚ M.Tech (VLSI) 1 ‚Jaipur Engg. College‚ B.Tech (ECE) 2 gssharma1951@gmail.com‚rajivresnick@gmail.com Abstract- In this paper we discussed satellite and radio communication links. Satellites have evolutionized communication. Satellite and radio communication has served mankind
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History changed on October 4‚ 1957‚ when the former Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik I. The world’s first artificial satellite was about the size of a basketball‚ weighed only 183 pounds‚ and took about 98 minutes to orbit the Earth on its elliptical path. That launch ushered in new political‚ military‚ technological‚ and scientific developments. While the Sputnik launch was a single event‚ it marked the start of the space age and the U.S.-U.S.S.R space race. The story begins in 1952
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