major contributor in Nigerian foreign exchange earnings‚ experienced a declining trend after economic reforms programmes (SAP). One of the most important ingredients of reforms programmes which have generated a lot of inconclusive controversies is the movement to flexible exchange rate which first occurred in the developed countries in 1973‚ and much later in the developing countries. The controversy especially for the developing countries is whether flexible exchange rate is actually as beneficial as
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fiscal policy designers should opt for a flexible exchange rate system. Nations‚ however‚ which do not have such policy makers should opt instead for a fixed exchange rate system. When attempting to stabilize an economy‚ monetary policy is the most efficient weapon that policymakers possess (Weerapana‚ 2003). In other words‚ it is much simpler to enact monetary policy than fiscal (Weerapana‚ 2003). Some nations benefit from a fixed exchange rate system‚ however. Nations such as Brazil‚ Kenya and
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The CFO can forecast exchange rates by using either of two approaches‚ fundamental forecasting or technical forecasting. Fundamental forecasting uses trends in economic variables to predict future rates. The data can be plugged into an econometric model or evaluated on a more subjective basis. Technical forecasting uses past trends in exchange rates themselves to spot future trends in rates. Technical forecasters‚ or chartists‚ assume that if current exchange rates reflect all facts in the market
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(2001) 273–296 www.elsevier.nl/locate/econbase Exchange rate exposure‚ hedging‚ and the use of foreign currency derivatives George Allayannis a‚* ‚ Eli Ofek b a b Darden Graduate School of Business Administration‚ University of Virginia‚ PO Box 6550‚ Charlottesville‚ VA 22906‚ USA Stern School of Business‚ New York University‚ 44 West 4th St. #908‚ New York‚ NY 10012‚ USA Abstract We examine whether firms use foreign currency derivatives for hedging or for speculative
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Chapter 4 Exchange Rate Determination 1. The value of the Australian dollar (A$) today is $0.73. Yesterday‚ the value of the Australian dollar was $0.69. The Australian dollar _______ by _______%. A) depreciated; 5.80 B) depreciated; 4.00 C) appreciated; 5.80 D) appreciated; 4.00 ANSWER: C SOLUTION: ($0.73 – $0.69)/$0.69 = 5.80% 2. If a currency’s spot rate market is _______‚ its exchange rate is likely to be _______ to a single large purchase or sale
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Introduction Foreign Trade is the exchange of goods and service between one country and another country. There are some intermediaries between the trade partners such as; insurance firms‚ freight forwarders firms‚ customs firms and Banks. In this paper functions of these intermediares will be explained. Finance in Foreign Trade Banks play a critical role in facilitating international trade by guaranteeing international payments and thereby reducing the risk of trade transactions.;
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Policy q Foreign Trade Policy : § Drafted by Director General of Foreign Trade under the Ministry of Commerce. The governing Act is Foreign Trade Development Regulation Act‚ 1992 and Rules framed there under. § Implemented with the help of various other Departments mainly Customs‚ Excise and RBI. § In order to understand the co-relation‚ one must get familiar with the various laws and functions of various departments. § As far as implementation is concerned‚ the co-relation of Foreign Trade Policy
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FERA and FEMA THE Foreign Exchange Regulation Act‚ 1973 (FERA) was repealed and a new Act called the Foreign Exchange Management Act‚ 1999 (FEMA) came into force with effect from June 1‚ 2000‚ with a view to facilitating external trade and payments and promoting orderly development and maintenance of foreign exchange market in India. UNDER the FEMA‚ foreign exchange transactions are divided into two broad categories - current account and capital account transactions. Transactions that alter the
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2010 International Conference on E-business‚ Management and Economics IPEDR vol.3 (2011) © (2011) IACSIT Press‚ Hong Kong Transmission Effects of Exchange Rate on Foreign Institutional Investments in India Dr.Raju.G Professor and Head‚ Department of Management Studies‚ GCET Greater Noida‚ U.P‚ India-201308. e-mail: drrajug@yahoo.co.in Santosh Kumar Lecturer‚ Finance and Accounts‚ Amity Business School‚ Noida‚ India e-mail: santosh.frm@gmail.com Tanveer Shahab Lecturer‚ GEMA Institute
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Trade is not an end in itself‚ but a means to economic growth and national development. The primary purpose is not the mere earning of foreign exchange‚ but the stimulation of greater economic activity. For India to become a major player in world trade‚ an all encompassing‚ comprehensive view needs to be taken for the overall development of the country ’s foreign trade. While increase in exports is of vital importance‚ we have also to facilitate those imports which are required to stimulate our
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