American Lawyer 2d yr full time possible exam – 1-1.5 on last day ------------------------------------------------- Jan. 10‚ 2012 Why take this class? * Reason 1: Leveraged acquisitions (LAs) aren’t going away * Lots of decline in 2007‚ 08‚ 09 * 10‚ 11‚ 12 little better * M&A isn’t going anywhere * LA and PE isn’t going anywhere – may decrease‚ but doubtful * Over 1 tril. avail. * Big factor: big institutional investors (pension funds
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3.LBO 4.TXU 5. LBO 6. (Overview of Leveraged Buyouts) (Mechanics of an LBO Analysis) (LBO Best Practices) (TXU Case Study) (LBO Modeling) (Homework Assignment) (Appendix) 1. Overview of Leveraged Buyouts (LBO) Overview of Leveraged Buyouts An LBO is the acquisition of a company or division of a company using debt for a majority of the purchase price and equity for the remainder. The buyer (the LBO Sponsor or Equity Sponsor) borrows the debt portion of the purchase price‚ typically
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UST Company UST Company is a retail company located in Hong Kong. This case contains information about the company’s accounting records and activities for 2016. The owner of the company has asked you to use this information to generate the company’s 2016 financial statements according to the International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). Requirements: A. Create an accounting equation worksheet for UST Company. This worksheet should include all the accounts listed in the company’s chart of
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Deena Shalab@16457 Reem Hani Arab @16185 CASE 4 An Introduction to Debt Policy and Value 1 (Table format and content from case) 0% debt/100% equity 25%debt/75% equity 50%debt/50% equity BV of debt 0 $2‚500 $5‚000 BV of equity $10‚000 $7‚500 $5‚000 MV of debt 0 $2‚500 $5‚000 MV of equity $10‚000 $8‚350 $6‚700 Pretax cost of debt 0.07 0.07 0.07 After-tax cost of debt 0.0462 0.0462 0.0462 Market Weight of Debt 0 0.23 0.43 Market Weight of Equity 1.0 0.77 0.57 Un-levered Beta 0.8
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1. Assess the business and financial risks of UST Business risks are relatively low: Main risk is that UST has undiversified business‚ it basically relies on one product However its main product is noncyclical‚ it carries little systematic risk Imminent increase in excise tax on smokeless tobacco (however‚ tobacco demand is considerably inelastic) It is the (sub)industry leader (market share >85%)‚ industry is an oligopoly which implies high barriers for potential competitors to enter the market
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Summary UST Inc. has historically been one of the most profitable companies. Profitability stems from its commanding market share‚ strong name brand recognition‚ historical pricing flexibility‚ and growing smokeless tobacco demand. However‚ UST faces business risks including eroding market share‚ tobacco lawsuits‚ and reduction in innovation. UST Inc. is considering a leveraged recapitalization to help in shielding the tax‚ increasing the share price and eliminating idle cash and debt
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Question 1: Does Borrowing Create Value? If so‚ for whom? If not‚ then why do so many executives concern themselves with leverage? It depends; Borrowing creates value if the company borrows at the optimal amount of debt or less. If the company borrows more than the optimal amount of debt‚ then borrowing will destroy value. Borrowing will increase value of the firm through the tax shield that borrowing brings. Thus‚ the increase value of the firm will increase the value of equity and create
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value for a firm considering capital structure change by exerting financial discipline and more efficient corporate strategy changes. Before evaluating whether $1b is value enhancing in quantitative measure‚ ability to cope with pre-requisite interest payment and potentially dividend payment (possibly dividend growth maintenance) should be considered. Required debt rate and pro forma income statement Risk determinants Credit rating agencies take a wide range of factors – debt raising purpose
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Shivakumar (2006) and Basu (1997) models of conservatism identify fraud firms as anti-conservative. We show that both models do so to some extent‚ but Ball and Shivakumar model results are stronger. We further show that these results are driven by firms committing largest frauds as a percentage of firms’ assets. Our results are important to academics who use conservatism measures in their studies‚ and to policy makers who seek to assess usefulness of conservatism to capital markets. **Corresponding
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VISIT TO UST MUSEUM Date of Submission: December 14‚ 2011 As a Thomasian‚ it is just appropriate to visit the UST Museum where it showcases its rich collection of artifacts and important figures that defines our history. Here’s an historical background of the museum. The UST Museum is the oldest museum in the Philippines featuring a rich natural history collection‚ with a diorama of selected Philippine fauna. Other exhibits include the ethnography collection (cultural artifacts)‚ the oriental
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