INCOME CONCEPTS The Purpose of Income Reporting Income is used… 1 As the basis of one of the principal forms of taxation. 2 In public reports as a measure of the success of a corporation’s operations. 3 As a criterion for the determination of the availability of dividends. 4 By rate-regulating authorities for investigating whether those rates are fair and reasonable. 5 As a guide to trustees charged with distributing income to a life tenant while preserving the principal for a remainder man
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|Term-Concepts |Definition | |Purpose of Accounting |Communicating financial information to end users so they can make informed decisions. | |Accounting Entity |The financial affairs of the business are separate and distinct from the financial affairs of the owner. | |Monetary Concept |All transactions are recorded in
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Business Entity Concept Money Measurement Concept Going concern concept Accrual basis concept Consistency Concept Materiality and aggregation concept Concept on Prudence Matching Principle Dual Aspect Relevance Concept Introduction Financial accounting has a number of conservative laws which have been considered over the years and all the possible identifiable rules are: Business Entity Concept‚ Money Measurement Concept‚ Going concern Concept‚ Accrual basis of accounting concept‚ Consistency
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Accounting Principles‚ Concepts and Conventions Accounting principles are guidelines & standards‚ which have been accepted by the accounting profession in preparation and presentation of accounts of the business. It is approved and normally accepted by the government bodies &controlling authorities. Accounting principles are uniform in order to understand in the same sense by those using it. Also they are not rigid (i.e. inflexible) like principle of gravity but they are flexible.
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ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS What are the Account Concepts? In order to maintain uniformity and consistency in preparing and maintaining books of accounts‚ Certain rules or principles have been evolved. These rules/principles are classified as concepts and conventions. These are foundations of preparing and maintaining accounting records. “Accounting concept refers to the basic assumptions and rules and principles which work as the basis of recording of business transactions and preparing accounts
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----------------------------------------------------------------- Accounting Concept and Conventions In drawing up accounting statements‚ whether they are external "financial accounts" or internally-focused "management accounts"‚ a clear objective has to be that the accounts fairly reflect the true "substance" of the business and the results of its operation. The theory of accounting has‚ therefore‚ developed the concept of a "true and fair view". The true and fair view is applied in ensuring
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Accounting Concepts Underlying Assumptions‚ Principles‚ and Conventions Assumptions The following are basic financial accounting assumptions: Separate entity assumption - the business is an entity that is separate and distinct from its owners‚ so that the finances of the firm are not co-mingled with the finances of the owners. • Going concern assumption - the business is going to be operating for the foreseeable future. Stable monetary unit assumption - e.g. the U.S. dollar • Fixed
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National Income National income is a sum of incomes received in a year by a nation’s factors of production for their contributions to economic activity; or a sum of wages and salaries‚ interest‚ rent‚ and profit received during a year by a nation’s factor of production. It excludes gifts‚ consumer debt‚ grants and benefits received without engaging in any productive or economic activity. National income accounting refers to the set of rules and techniques of measuring the income of the economy
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The historical cost concept means expenses and assets must be recorded with their original cost according to its representation cost of things from the past. CITATION Wil09 \l 17417 (Wild‚ Shaw‚ & Barbara‚ 2009) For example‚ APPLE Company bought equipment at the price of RM 10‚000 and after few months‚ the equipment is then estimated to drop in value. The cost of the purchase RM 10 000 would be recorded in the financial report because there is official receipt and documents supporting the value
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INTRODUCTION The accounting concepts are rules and guidelines which the accountant follows and uses when deciding between differing options to make. They help to ensure the accounting information is presented accurately and consistently. All formal accounting statements should be created‚ preserved and presented according to the concepts and conventions’. The following will look at each of the concepts and conventions and relate them to the profit and loss account for a sole trader. GOING
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