Nursing Liability The American Nurse Association provides guidelines and policies for standards of care and scope of practice; they are listed in the Nurse Practice act. While hospital policies may vary from facility to facility it is the Nurse Practice Act that guides and dictates the standards by which nurse perform their duties and are held liable. Nurse have the legal duty of adhering to the standards of care whenever they are taking care of patients‚ when they fail to perform to these standard
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in the business of receiving deposits (liabilities) and to issue debt securities on one hand and create or invest in assets on the other hand during these transactions banks incur costs for their liabilities and earn income from their assets. Asset – liability management is therefore very critical for the sound management of the finances of any organisation that invests to meet its future cash flow needs and capital requirements. An efficient asset-liability management requires maximising the bank’s
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Introduction The importance off skepticism in performing audits has been recognized from the time the very first auditing standard was implemented (Fullerton and Durtschi‚ 2012). The recent financial crises and audit failures have caused the profession to reassess and emphasise the importance of skepticism during an audit engagement‚ ensuring that auditors increase their level of skepticism (Fullerton and Durtschi‚ 2012). Auditors are now asked to expand their skeptical perspective to the level
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What is an Environmental Audit Environmental auditing is a systematic‚ documented‚ periodic and objective process in assessing an organization ’s activities and services in relation to: • Assessing compliance with relevant statutory and internal requirements • Facilitating management control of environmental practices • Promoting good environmental management • Maintaining credibility with the public • Raising staff awareness and enforcing commitment to departmental environmental
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the firm should have carried out in determining whether it should accept the appointment as auditors to Gramjon Limited. The most general definition of an audit is an evaluation of a person‚ organization‚ system‚ process‚ project or product. Audits are performed to ascertain the validity and reliability of information‚ and also provide an assessment of a system ’s internal control. (Wikipedia‚ 2009) Auditors have to do a lot of research on a firm before accepting an appointment. The main matters they
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they can use the hidden profit to powder the company’s financial report. Secondly‚ managers are trying to avoid taxation by reporting a lower profit. Usually they will report more expenses and costs than real‚ so there will be less tax to pay. Lastly‚ the company may have a plan of issuing options to managers‚ and they may try to decrease the share price by reporting a lower earning so that they can set the exercise price lower as well. By manipulating the reported earnings‚ the managers can gain
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two principles of criminal liability which have to be relied upon in order to determine the guilt or innocence of the accused person. Therefore the aim of this essay is to discuss the two principles of law for criminal liability with reference to the Penal Code Act‚ Chapter Eighty Seven (87) of the Laws of Zambia and Zambian decided cases. In order to effectively do this‚ the essay will begin by generally talking about the two principles of law for criminal liability which are the “Actus reus”
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accounting for loss contingencies. A contingent liability is a potential liability that might‚ or might not happen in the future. For example this could be a lawsuit‚ a product warranty‚ a possible tax assessment‚ a government investigation‚ or even an environmental contamination. A contingent liability and the associated loss are recorded as a journal entry only if the contingency meets these two criteria; A.) the contingency is probable‚ and B.) the amount can be reasonably estimated. Although if the
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Viktoria Martirosyan Case 1.1 Qt.1 Several parties were responsible for Enron crisis‚ including independent auditor‚ key executive officers‚ internal auditors‚ SEC and FASB. The hypocrisy‚ dishonorable actions and unethical behavior of Kenney Lay‚ Jeffrey Skilling‚ Andrew Fastow led to bankruptcy. This and many other problems‚ such as loss in transactions involving the swaps stocks‚ SPE related issues and est.‚ finally contributed to crisis. As Enron executives‚ all of their concerns should
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Employers Liability and breach of statutory duty Employers liability have both a common law and statutory aspect. Common law = found in tort of negligence. Duties are only owed to employees. Not owed to IC and visitor’s (Occupiers liability) Common Law Basic duty owed at common law by an employer to an employee is founded on the tort of negligence. Authority derives from: Wilsons and Clyde Coal v English [1938] AC 57 Employers have the duty at common law to take reasonable
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