Controlling Controlling consists of verifying whether everything occurs in conformities with the plans adopted‚ instructions issued and principles established. Controlling ensures that there is effective and efficient utilization of organizational resources so as to achieve the planned goals. Controlling measures the deviation of actual performance from the standard performance‚ discovers the causes of such deviations and helps in taking corrective actions According to Brech‚ “Controlling is
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Comparative Analysis of Inflation in Nepal and India Nepal Rastra Bank Research Department Baluwatar‚ Kathmandu 30 November 2011 Nepal Rastra Bank Research Department 30 November 2011 Comparative Analysis of Inflation in Nepal and India Background: Year-on-Year monthly variation of inflation‚ both in Nepal and India‚ seemed to be higher than expected at present situation. Inflation in Nepal is largely affected by rising food price in the country‚ which is a global phenomenon also
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Inflation affects the real economy in two specific areas: it can harm economic efficiency‚ and it can affect total output. We begin with the efficiency impacts:- Inflation impairs economic efficiency because it distorts prices and price signals. In a low inflation economy‚ if the market price of a good rises‚ both buyers and sellers know that there has been an actual change in supply and/or demand conditions for that good‚ and they can react appropriately. By contrast in a high inflation economy
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^^^^ dramatic‚ many companies have Positioning-once the heart of strategy-is reject- ed as too static for today’s dynamic markets and changing technologies. According to the new dog- ma‚ rivals can quickly copy any market position‚ and competitive advantage is‚ at hest‚ temporary. But those beliefs are dangerous half-truths‚ and they are leading more and more companies down the path of mutually destructive competition. True‚ some barriers to competition are falling as regulation eases and markets
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lation is an inevitable property of any economy in the world. In simple words‚ inflation is the rise of general level of prices. However‚ inflation is a much more complex phenomenon than simply the increase of prices. Inflation (or general inflation) is also identified with the fall of market value of money within a particular economic system. However‚ some economists prefer to use the term inflation to describe a rapid increase in money supply in a single economy. Generally‚ this is the main cause
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INFLATION: Inflation is a sustained increase in the general price level leading to a fall in the purchasing power of money. Inflationary pressures can come from domestic and external sources and from both the supply and demand side of the economy. FACTORS OF INFLATION: Inflation is defined as the rate (%) at which the general price level of goods and services is rising‚ causing purchasing power to fall. This is different from a rise and fall in the price of a particular good or service.
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Strategy is creating fit among organization’s activities. As a whole‚ organization finds its competitive value by positioning and integrating Fit into all its activities. Operation effectiveness and strategy works differently but co-relate with one another to work towards the same company goal – profitability. Yet many organizations are caught up in improving their operational effectiveness or seeking fast and easy growth; that they have forgotten the "value" that they can offer to their
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Thompson−Strickland−Gamble: Crafting and Executing Strategy: Concepts and Cases‚ 16th Edition I. Concepts and Techniques for Crafting and Executing Strategy 1. What Is Strategy and Why Is It Important? chapter one © The McGraw−Hill Companies‚ 2008 1 What Is Strategy and Why Is It Important? Strategy means making clear-cut choices about how to compete. —Jack Welch Former CEO‚ General Electric A strategy is a commitment to undertake one set of actions rather than
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the place of strategy. As managers push to improve on all fronts‚ they move further away from viable competitive positions. Michael Porter argues that operational effectiveness‚ although necessary to superior performance‚ is not sufficient‚ because its techniques are easy to imitate. In contrast‚ the essence of strategy is choosing a unique and valuable position rooted in systems of activities that are much more difficult to match. In answering the question ‘what is strategy?’‚ some theorists focus
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For the exclusive use of J. CO www.hbr.org What Is Strategy? by Michael E. Porter Included with this full-text Harvard Business Review article: 1 Article Summary The Idea in Brief—the core idea The Idea in Practice—putting the idea to work 2 What Is Strategy? 21 Further Reading A list of related materials‚ with annotations to guide further exploration of the article’s ideas and applications Reprint 96608 This document is authorized for use only by James Co in Food and Agribusiness Strategic
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