ched on six measures of test quality‚ objectivity‚ practicability‚ reliability‚ validity‚ difficulty level and discrimination index. It also talks about mathematical measures like mean‚ median‚ mode‚ standard deviation and correlation that help in measuring test quality. Objective: 1. To enable the reader to define the quality of a test and measure it. a. To understand the concepts of reliability and validity in a test. b. To understand the various measurements used in defining quality
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Experimental Errors and Uncertainty No physical quantity can be measured with perfect certainty; there are always errors in any measurement. This means that if we measure some quantity and‚ then‚ repeat the measurement‚ we will almost certainly measure a different value the second time. How‚ then‚ can we know the “true” value of a physical quantity? The short answer is that we can’t. However‚ as we take greater care in our measurements and apply ever more refined experimental methods‚ we can reduce
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What is Truth? The Merriam Webster Dictionary says “truth is sincerity in action‚ character‚ and utterance.” It also says truth is “in accordance with fact.” Let me begin with sincerity. Sincerity is honesty. To be truthful we must be honest in what we do‚ honest in our personality‚ and honest in what we say. Therefore a truthful person is not deceptive or fraudulent. There is absolute proven truth‚ objective truth‚ and then there is God (Christian truth) which has a large element of faith. The
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Sound Arguments An argument is a series of statements meant to establish a claim. A statement is any explicit declarative statement about a fact. It says that something is (or isn’t) the case. A premise is a statement used in an argument to establish a claim. An argument is valid if its premises necessarily lead to its conclusion. An argument is sound if it is valid and that its premises are actually true. The two arguments by Socrates in The Apology being evaluated are as follows. Argument 1
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I noticed it‚ I simply scrolled past‚ not interested enough to watch it‚ but the video would resurface seconds later. Eventually‚ I decided to click on it out of my growing curiosity. It displayed an African American man lying dead on the ground as policemen walked around the scene and talked to one another. As I watched‚ I thought it was disturbing that someone posted a video of some random man who‚ from what I assumed‚ was killed. Of course‚ at the time‚ I was not sure of anything that happened
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VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY For the statistical consultant working with social science researchers the estimation of reliability and validity is a task frequently encountered. Measurement issues differ in the social sciences in that they are related to the quantification of abstract‚ intangible and unobservable constructs. In many instances‚ then‚ the meaning of quantities is only inferred. Let us begin by a general description of the paradigm that we are dealing with. Most concepts in the behavioral
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Methodologies and Research Design 18: Research Design IV: External Validity and Sampling Objectives • to unpack different types of external validity • to describe crucial issues in sampling - precision vs. representativeness vs. cost - probability vs. non-probability / ’judgement ’ • to describe stages in the process of sampling‚ and the possible intrusion of ‘bias’ • to describe methods of probability sampling and methods of non-probability sampling • to be able
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Test Reliability and Validity: Evaluation of the GRADE A+ Standardized Reading Assessment Assessment is the key to instruction and intervention‚ but according to Salvia‚ Ysseldyke and Bolt (2007)‚ “reliability is a major consideration in evaluating an assessment procedure” (p. 119). Reliability refers to the stability of a tests’ results over time and test reliability refers to the consistency of scores students would receive on alternate forms of the same test‚ for example Test form A and Test
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Evaluating Truth and Validity Exercise Patrick St. Louis PHL/458 April 22‚ 2015 Professor Keith Suranna "All religious authorities are concerned about the dangers of nuclear war. All politicians are concerned about the dangers of nuclear war. Therefore‚ all politicians are religious authorities." This argument is invalid because of two reasons. First it is an overgeneralization. How can someone actually say that all religious authorities are concerned about the dangers
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Reliability and validity are essential in terms of observation and measurement as it relates to human services research. In order to ensure this particular research has legitimacy it is vital that testing and research is consistent and specific. This paper will define and describe the types of reliability and validity and provide examples of each as it relates to human services research. It will also provide examples of how data collection methods and instruments are used in relation to human services
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