with Down syndrome. Making Down syndrome the most common genetic condition. Approximately 400‚000 Americans have Down syndrome and about 6‚000 babies with Down syndrome are born in the United States each year. Down syndrome (DS)‚ also called Trisomy 21‚ is a condition in which extra genetic material causes delays in the way a child develops‚ both mentally and physically. Down syndrome occurs in people of all races and economic levels‚ though older women have an increased chance of having a
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Abstract a) Down syndrome b) Interesting topic c) Understanding why down syndrome occurs Introduction a) Who discovered Down syndrome b) What is Down syndrome Body research A. What Causes it and is it inherited? 1-Trisomy 21 2-Mosaic Down syndrome 3-Translocation Down syndrome B. How Down syndrome affects Kids 1-Physical features 2-Learning C. Risk factors 1-Advancing maternal age 2- Being carriers of the genetic translocation for Down syndrome 3-Having
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known as Trisomy 18‚ is a genetic syndrome of severe to profound mental retardation. It is caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 18 in some or all of the cells in the body. Babies with this condition typically do not survive but for a few months after birth. About sixty percent of newborns with this condition die within the first week‚ and eighty percent do not survive through the first month. Trisomy 18 in a fetus
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Balao‚ Mike Paul C. MT1311 Chromosomal aberrations are abnormalities in the structure or number of chromosomes and are often responsible for genetic disorders. For more than a century‚ scientists have been fascinated by the study of human chromosomes. It was not until 1956‚ however‚ that it was determined that the actual diploid number of chromosomes in a human cell was forty-six (22 pairs of autosomes and two sex chromosomes make up the human genome). In 1959 two discoveries opened a new era
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Down Syndrome is a chromosomal condition related to chromosome 21. It affects 1 in 800 to 1 in 1000 born infants. People who have Down Syndrome have learning difficulties‚ mental retardation‚ a different facial appearance‚ and poor muscle tone (hypotonia) in infancy. Individuals with Down Syndrome also have an increased risk for having heart defects‚ digestive problems such as “gastroesophageal reflux or celiac disease”‚ and hearing loss. Some people who have Down Syndrome have “low activity of
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1101‚ Composition 1 14 November 2011 Outline INTRODUCTION Thesis Statement: Although Down syndrome is used as a general term‚ several forms of this syndrome exist. I. Diagnosis A. Discovery B. Cause II. Types A. Trisomy 21 B. Translocation C. Mosaicism III. Expectations From Therapy CONCLUSION Down syndrome Lot’s of people fail to realize that several forms of Down syndrome exist. “Down syndrome is a set of mental and physical symptoms that result from
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is the genetic cause? Down Syndrome is caused when homologous chromosomes don’t separate in Meiosis 1 or 2. The egg or sperm cell keeps both copies of #21 chromosome instead of the usual 1 copy. This results in the baby having 3 copies of #21 chromosome. This is called a trisomy; you will often hear Down Syndrome be referred to as trisomy 21. The extra chromosome causes problems with the way the body and brain develop. Down Syndrome is also referred to as Down’s Syndrome but mainly in The United
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the kidneys. Other abnormalities resulting from Trisomy 18 include a small‚ abnormally shaped head‚ small jaw and mouth‚ as well as clenched fists with overlapping fingers‚ low set ears‚ and strawberry shaped head. (What is Trisomy 18?‚ 2015). Babies affected by this syndrome experience a slow growth before birth as well as a low birth weight. Due to the life threatening problems‚ many babies die before birth or within a few months after birth. (Trisomy 18 ‚ 2012). Babies who make it to be discharged
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CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM A. INTRODUCTION Having a Down syndrome is such a difficult situation for an individual to have. They have slow physical and mental capabilities that lead them to discrimination. Physical features of having a Down syndrome. Including flattening of the head; slanting of the eyelids; a gap between the first and the second toes; a depressed nasal bridge; relatively small ears‚ mouth‚ hands and feet; short stature; decreased muscle tone and loose ligaments
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As explained on the previous page structural variations in the genome has many effects and there are many different types of structural variations. Copy number variations is a big category of different structural variation types‚such as Insertions and deletions‚ which are genomic imbalances. There are also inversions and translocations.These structural variations are the cause of a vast range of genetic disorders. Insertions are the addition of a sequence of one or more nucleotides between two
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