Pricing Pricing is the process of determining what a company will receive in exchange for its products. Pricing factors are manufacturing cost‚ market place‚ competition‚ market condition‚ and quality of product. Pricing is also a key variable in microeconomic price allocation theory. Pricing is a fundamental aspect of financial modeling and is one of the four Ps of the marketing mix. The other three aspects are product‚ promotion‚ and place. Price is the only revenue generating element amongst
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Pricing is one of the most important elements of the marketing mix as it is the only mix‚ which generates a turnover for the organization; the remaining 3p’s are the variable cost for the organization. It costs to produce and design a product; it costs to distribute a product and costs to promote it. Price must support these elements of the mix. Pricing is difficult and must reflect supply and demand relationship (Constantinides‚ 2006). Pricing a product too high or too low could mean a loss of sales
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or services is worth to the customer. 2. Pricing decision is usually viewed as a way to recover cost‚ but we need to take the customer into the account/ consideration. The price could be higher than customers are willing to pay for that product. 3. The major factors affecting price are: a. Marketing Strategy b. Customer perceived Value c. Competition d. Cost 4. Role of Marketing Strategy in Pricing a. Price should be consistent with the pricing strategy. b. Target market decision affects
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E. Pricing Strategy FARMERS GRANARY PRODUCT COSTING Production cost per hectare for 110-120 days Direct Expense Urea Fertilizer Php 6‚300.00 Pesticide 2‚4-D Amine Weed Killer Php 500.00 Surekill Molluscicide Killer Php 960.00 Php 1‚740.00 Sacks 200 pieces Php 2‚600.00 Seeds (Hybrid) Php 23‚050.00 Total Direct Expense Php 33‚690.00 Indirect Expense Fuel Php 500.00 Irrigation Php 1‚200.00 Kuliglig or Two-wheeled
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looks at an empirical analysis into the main player and club characteristics that determine the transfer fee of a player. Using a competitive model and data from the Premier League spanning from July 2006 – September 2011‚ this paper will look to find and model the main factors that affect the price paid for a player. The paper will identify which characteristics directly affect the value of a transfer fee and the reasons behind these results. 1. Introduction 1.1 Outline This essay will be looking
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Part IV. The global marketing mix 2. Global pricing strategy 1 Cheap and cheaper… 2 Expensive and more expensive… 3 1. Basic pricing concepts Introduction Price: the amount charged to customers/consumers in exchange for goods or services Market price: the price that prevails in the market for a particular good at a specific time 3 key elements of market price: supply‚ demand and time Eg: hotel prices – peak season during summer – higher prices driven by the demand (more
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Lectures of Heat Transfer Heat Transfer Rate Processes Mode Conduction Convection Radiation Transfer Mechanism Diffusion of energy due to random molecular motion Diffusion of energy due to random molecular motion plus bulk motion Energy transfer by electromagnetic waves Rate of heat transfer (W) q = - kA dT dx q = h A(Ts-T∞) q = σ ε A(Ts4-Tsur4) By Mr. Amjed Ahmed Ali Syllabus of Heat Transfer (English)‚ (2 hours/ week‚ Applied 2 hours /week) 1.Heat transfer by conduction‚ convection
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Analyzing the transfer of technology from one place to another can be a very difficult task. People have tried to trace the origins of specific technologies and map out what cultures it affected‚ why and what impact the technology had on history. Books have been written on conclusions that authors have made after doing the research I have suggested. I believe that obtaining the information to write a book about this subject is extremely hard and confusing‚ this is a personal assumption that I have
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer Prepared by: Ms. Ana Antoniette C. Illahi 1 Conduction • conduction (or heat conduction) is the transfer of thermal energy between regions of matter due to a temperature gradient. Heat spontaneously flows from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature‚ and reduces temperature differences over time‚ approaching thermal equilibrium. Prepared by: Ms. Ana Antoniette C. Illahi 2 (Heat Current in Conduction) • • • • • • • • H - Heat
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Strategic Marketing ! TOPIC 1 Creating value Pricing strategies The Role of Pricing The role of pricing Product Communicating Communicating value Delivering value Capturing value Promotion Distribution Price ! Profitability A 1% increase in price gives the biggest improvement in profit 2 compared to a 1% improvement in
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