Under the traditional economic understanding‚ it is always assumed that profit maximization is treated as the main goal or objective for businesses‚ subject to perfect knowledge‚ single entity and rational logic. However‚ as illustrated by the principal-agency problem‚ managers do not usually make rational decision entirely like owners who take company interest as their sole basis for their decisions. Past examples have shown that managers do take their own personal goals and satisfactions as consideration
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in essence‚ the perspective of the Industrial Age/transactional-style of leader towards their subordinated. Though to be clear‚ there is a distinction to be made between the transactional-style‚ proper‚ and that style as it was in history‚ subject to the social‚ economic‚ technological contexts of the Industrial Era. The transactional leader “does not individualize the needs of subordinates or focus on their personal development. Transactional leaders exchange things of value with subordinates
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For the Functionalists‚ education performs a positive function for all individuals in society and has a powerful influence over it. The education system serves the needs of an industrial society by providing a more advanced division of labour; socialising new generations into societies shared norms and values and‚ according to meritocratic criteria‚ allocates roles in. Education supposedly meets societies through three related economic roles; socialisation; allocation and vocational training.
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Transactional analysis‚ also known as TA has a goal for clients to autonomy‚ which is defined as “awareness‚ spontaneity‚ and the capacity for intimacy.” TA is grounded on the idea that we make decision based on our early experiences. These decisions might be hurting us‚ which is cause for behavioral changes. (pg. 326) Group experiences can help an individual examine early decision and experiment with making new decision by listening to other that have made the same decisions as you or have a similar
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processed and integrated to manipulate projections for different departments. Finance develops a long term forecast to evaluate the investment needs and capital; Marketing develops a mid-term forecast projecting sales; Operations produces a forecast to make decisions on short term scheduling‚ inventory management and long term capacity planning and Human Resources uses the forecast to evaluate personnel needs. Though each department could use a different forecasting model depending on the time horizon and
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In Psychology‚ it is important to be able to critically evaluate a claim about human behavior. I evaluated many different articles in this course and had to determine if they are creditable or not. Critical thinking helped me throughout this course in order to prove creditability on articles discussing human behavior. Over time I gained more knowledge when it comes to evaluation a claim. This is an important skill to have and is extremely useful in this course. To begin with‚ my major writing assignments
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style is established on deontological ethics whereas transactional leadership is based on teleological ethics. Key Arguments Leader values and transformational/ transactional leadership suggest that a divergent set of ethical values serve as foundations of the respective leadership influence processes. Teleological (utilitarianism) ethics are associated with transactional leadership while deontological (moral altruism or Kantian
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Erik Erickson is possibly the best known of Sigmunds Freud’s many followers. He grew up in Europe and spent his young adult life under the direction of Freud. In 1933 when Hitler rose to power in Germany‚ Erikson emigrated to the United States and began teaching at Harvard University. His clinical work and studies were based on children‚ college students‚ victims of combat fatigue during World War two‚ civil rights workers‚ and American Indians. It was these studies which led Erikson to believe that
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Critically evaluate essentialist approaches to the theorisation of sexuality. Essentialism argues that there are ‘real’ and categorical sexualities in the world and that each of these sexualities can be described definitively according to a set of characteristics or properties‚ e.g. a man that has sexual intercourse with another man fits the category of homosexual (Hammack‚ 2005). This conceptualises sexuality in terms of ‘sexual orientation’‚ assuming that no sexual orientation; whether homosexual
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Diploma in Therapeutic Counselling Unit 5: Transactional Analysis 1 2 1.1 The main theories that underpin Transactional Analysis in relation to counseling are: 1. Theory of communication. This can be applied when analyzing systems and organizations. It can be applied when working in or on‚ for example‚ a company studying the way the workforce and management communicate (or not). If all members of the company are willing to undergo scrutiny and analysis (not necessarily on a deep‚ personal level)
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