Introduction 1. Definition According to Robert K. Elliot‚ 1997‚ assurance is a positive declaration that produces quality information which enhances the degree of confidence for all intended users as well as improves the quality of decision that being made. It is also part of corporate governance which provide reliable and accurate information to the stakeholders such as investors‚ employees‚ government‚ voluntary sector and market regulators‚ regarding the efficiency and effectiveness of
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St Joseph Campus Capitol Hill‚ Monrovia Liberia Accounting 401 Section 01 Accounting Theory Assignment #2 To: Mr. Oye Williams By: Fatima E. Manyeh 07436 March 6‚ 2014 1) BDO Seidman’s attorney pointed out correctly that professional standards do not prohibit auditors and client personnel from being ‘friends’. At what point does such relationship result in violation of the auditor independence rules and guidelines? Provide hypothetical examples to strengthen your answers. Health
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1. The following transactions have been journalized and posted to the proper accounts. 1. Mark Call invested $7‚000 cash in his new design services business. 2. The business paid the first month’s rent with $700 cash. 3. The business purchased equipment by paying $2‚000 down and executing a note payable for $4‚500. 4. The business purchased supplies for $850 cash. 5. The business billed its clients a total of $4‚000 for design services rendered. 6. The business collected $3‚000 on account from one
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always behave in accordance with the efficient market hypothesis‚ then should we reject the research that has embraced the EMH as a fundamental assumption? In this regard we can return to earlier chapters of this book in which we emphasised that theories are abstractions of reality. Capital markets are made of individuals and as such it would not (or perhaps‚ should not) be surprising to find that the market does not also act in the same predictable manner. Nevertheless‚ the EMH has helped provide
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Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) is a standard guidelines and accounting rules that companies used to prepare‚ present‚ and report financial information. By following this framework‚ companies can ensure that any financial information presented is uniformly consistent‚ relevant‚ feasible and objective. Through this standardization‚ corporate financial information can more readily be reviewed and interpreted by investors‚ stockholders‚ banks and other potential creditors and also promotes
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lower earnings quality since net income does not representatively portray the economic performance of the business entity for the period. Income smoothing relies not on falsehoods and distortions but on the wide leeway existing in alternatively accepted accounting principles and their interpretations. It is conducted within the structure of gaap. In effect‚ it redistributes income statement credits and charges among periods. The prime objective is to moderate income variability over the years by shifting
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Matric no: ______________ Group: _________ Attendance list no: _____________ Tutorial 1: Chapter 1‚ 2‚ 3 DUE DATE: 3 OCTOBER 2013 1. Accounting is a process involving the following activities‚ EXCEPT: A. recording of economic activities B. communicating to stakeholders C. identifying relevant economic activities D. guaranteeing profitability of business operation 2. A senior accountant working at the Account Department of Universiti Utara Malaysia is also known as: A. a public
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‘Corporate social responsibility‚ public policy and NGO activism in Europe and the United States: an institutional-stakeholder perspective’ Donaldson‚ L. and Davis‚ J. H. (1991). ‘Stewardship theory or agency theory: CEO governance and shareholder returns’ Donaldson‚ T. and Preston‚ L. (1995). ‘The stakeholder theory of the corporation: concepts‚ evidence‚ and implications’. Academy of Management Review‚ 20‚ 65–91. Dutta‚ P. K.‚ Lach‚ S. and Rustichini‚ A. (1995). ‘Better late than early: vertical differentiation
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achieving future cash flows. Limitations * Companies omit items that cannot be measured reliably. * Income is affected by the accounting methods employed. * Income measurement involves judgment. Earnings Quality Companies have incentives to manage income to
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of an organized system to replace the existing hodgepodge of record-keeping. QUESTION 2 Islamic accounting can be defined as the “accounting process” which provides appropriates information (not necessarily limited to financial data) to stakeholders of entity which will enable them to ensure that the entity is continuously operating within Islamic Sharia’ ah while “conventional” accounting can be defined to be the identification‚ recording‚ classification‚ interpreting and communications economic
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