+0)26-4 Accounting Theory NEED FOR ACCOUNTING Business is one of the sources of earning income. Whenever a business is started‚ it requires investment of certain amount which is called as capital. With this amount of capital the businessman may deal either with trading business or manufacturing business. In a trading business‚ he will buy goods at a lesser price and sells the same to others at a higher price. In case of manufacturing business‚ he has to buy raw materials and incur other
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Microeconomics Topic 6: “Be able to explain and calculate average and marginal cost to make production decisions.” Reference: Gregory Mankiw’s Principles of Microeconomics‚ 2nd edition‚ Chapter 13. Long-Run versus Short-Run In order to understand average cost and marginal cost‚ it is first necessary to understand the distinction between the “long run” and the “short run.” Short run: a period of time during which one or more of a firm’s inputs cannot be changed. Long run: a period of time during which
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Publichttp://pfr.sagepub.com/ Finance Review Public Subsidies to Stadiums: Do the Costs Outweigh the Benefits? Daraius Irani Public Finance Review 1997 25: 238 DOI: 10.1177/109114219702500205 The online version of this article can be found at: http://pfr.sagepub.com/content/25/2/238 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for Public Finance Review can be found at: Email Alerts: http://pfr.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://pfr
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In the present day forensic accounting plays a huge role in many of the court cases publicized by the media. With the spotlight on the profession‚ this is a good opportunity to discuss the following topics: 1) Five skills that a forensic accountant needs to possess. 2) The role of a forensic accountant within a courtroom environment. 3) Analyze the legal responsibility a forensic accountant has while providing service to a business. 4) Examine two cases where forensic
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A SHORT HISTORY OF ACCOUNTING AND BUSINESS The history of accounting is as old as civilization‚ among the most important professions in economic and cultural development. Accountants invented writing‚ developed money and banking‚ innovated the double entry bookkeeping system that fueled the Italian Renaissance‚ were needed by Industrial Revolution inventors and entrepreneurs for survival‚ helped develop the capital markets necessary for big business so essential for capitalism‚ turned into a profession
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Chapter 1 Managerial accountingis the process of identifying‚ measuring‚ analyzing‚ interpreting‚ and communicating information in pursuit of an organizations goals. Managerial accounting is an integral part of the management process‚ and managerial accountants are important strategic partners in an organizations management team. Four fundamental management processes that help organizations attain their goals Decision making‚ Planning(developing a detailed financial and operational description of
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Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow‚ Corporate Finance‚ and Takeovers Michael C. Jensen Harvard Business School MJensen@hbs.edu Abstract The interests and incentives of managers and shareholders conflict over such issues as the optimal size of the firm and the payment of cash to shareholders. These conflicts are especially severe in firms with large free cash flows—more cash than profitable investment opportunities. The theory developed here explains 1) the benefits of debt in reducing agency
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St a t em en t An a lysis a n d Cost Redu ct ion P r ogr a m AT TATA MOTORS LIMITED‚ PUNE Submitted To Pune University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement of Master of Business Administration Submitted By Mr. Chetan G. Aher M.B.A Under the Guidance of Prof. Mr. Mahesh Halale THROUGH THE DIRECTOR OF Visahwakarma Institute of Management 2005 - 2007 www.final-yearproject.com | www.finalyearthesis.com The Financial Statement Analysis and Cost Reduction Program. Acknowledgement
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Historical cost accounting Advantages • Historical cost accounts are straightforward to produce • Historical cost accounts do not record gains until they are realized • Historical cost accounts are still used in most accounting systems Disadvantages • Historical cost accounts give no indication of current values of the assets of a business • Historical cost accounts do not record the opportunity costs of the use of older assets‚ particularly property which may be recorded at a value based
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manual method of accounting is being gradually replaced. And finally‚ the database technology has revolution the accounts department of the business and non business organisations. In the use of computerised accounting system the risk of data loss is eliminated‚ high speed in data manipulation is maintained and larger volume of data are kept safely. In computerised accounting system calculation became easy and controlled effective‚ also development of computerised accounting system‚ facilitate
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