INFLATION Inflation is a term that refers to a persistent increase in general price levels of goods and services over a given period of time. The rise in inflation is mainly attributed to rise in food and fuel costs which results in a sharp rise in the prices of goods and services in the local market. MEASURING INFLATION Consumer Price Indices Inflation rate is calculated as the rate of change in consumer price indices from one period to another. Periods can be yearly or monthly. Pa-(Pa-1)Pa-1×100Where:
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Is inflation always bad for an economy? Inflation is a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money measured as percentage; ways of measuring it include the retail price index and the consumer price index. One cost of inflation is that firms may have to spend money‚ time and effort moving money around financial institutions (banks etc.) so that they can ensure it doesn’t lose its value‚ it incurs shoe leather costs as a result of this. However these costs can be offset by
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Issues: » Understand the concept of inflation and its causes. » Critically analyze the various initiatives taken by the Indian government and the RBI to address inflation. » Analyze the significance of Government and Central Bank in controlling inflation and the possible effect of their initiatives on the economy. Keywords: Indian economy‚ Inflationary trends‚ Effect of High Growth on Inflation‚ Wholesale or Consumer Price Index‚ Foreign Exchange rate‚ Bank Rate‚ Cash Reserve Ratio‚ Monetary
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international workshop on the development of bond market in Bangladesh. Bond markets link issuers having long-term financing needs with investors willing to place funds in long-term‚ interest-bearing securitiBangladeshes. has both the issuers and the investors in place but it still has not been able to link them effectively through a bond market. The positive effect of developing a domestic bond market on the economy is well-known. On the one hand‚ bond markets are essential for a country to
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Canada’s inflation rose at a moderate 1.5 percent annualized rate in May‚ down from 1.7 percent in April. That was short of economists forecast of 1.6 percent. On a monthly basis‚ inflation increased by 0.4 percent‚ largely due to a 4.1 percent jump in gasoline prices in May‚ the Statistics Canada reported. But on yearly basis‚ gasoline prices plunged 7.1 percent in May after previously declining 5.8 percent in April. “Inflation remains muted‚ but if energy prices hold onto their gains – let alone
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THE EFFECTS OF EXCHANGE RATE IN INFLATION OUTPUT AND THE CURRENT ACCOUNT ABSTRACT The empirical studies on the effects of changes in exchange rates on inflation and real activity can be broadly divided into four categories: Single-equation econometric methods‚ Vector autoregressive (VAR) models‚ Structural macro econometric models and DSGE models - Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium. Methodologies: First‚ most participants use single-equation econometric methods that estimate
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Inflation is the overall level prices of goods and services rapidly increase in an economy over a period time. When the overall price level increases‚ it will affect the decreasing purchasing power of the currency. An economic inflation is not occurs suddenly‚ it is causes by three types of inflation. The first cause is demand-pull inflation results from increases in aggregate demand on goods. The excess demand will cause the level price of goods rises. This is commonly described as "too much
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Grade Inflation: Does it Still Exist? The first question one may have is what is grade inflation? Grade inflation has proven to be a current epidemic that has grown tremendously over the past few years. Grade inflation may define as the increase over time of academic grades‚ and progressively faster than any real increase following to standards. Grade inflation is the phenomenon that has been occurring in universities since the 1960’s‚ this is the continued rise in the number of higher grades assigned
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The Effectiveness of Monetary Policy and Inflation Management through the Interest Rate Channel in Sri Lanka 1. Introduction Monetary policy comprises the rules and actions adopted by the central banks to achieve their objectives. In most countries the primary objective of the monetary policy is price stability. The Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) has two core objectives: (1) maintaining price and economic stability and (2) maintaining financial system stability (Central Bank of Sri Lanka 2012
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MBA 8135 Practice Bond Valuation Problems SOLUTIONS 1. Calculate the current price of a $1‚000 par value bond that has a coupon rate of 6% p.a.‚ pays coupon interest annually‚ has 14 years remaining to maturity‚ and has a yield to maturity of 8 percent. PMT = 60; FV = 1000; N = 14; I = 8; CPT PV = 835.12 2. You intend to purchase a 10-year‚ $1‚000 par value bond that pays interest of $60 every six months. If the yield to maturity is 10% with semiannual compounding‚ how much should you be willing
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