Kamau Brathwaite‚ a historian and poet was greatly inspired by a seminar held by Robert Adams in 1957‚ where he described ‘Creole culture’. Unlike Adams however‚ Brathwaitesaw Creole cultures as a process of culture change‚ rather than just a description of a Creole society. Brathwaite believed that creolization occurs at 2 levels: “ac-culturation‚ which is the yoking (by force and example‚ deriving from power/prestige) of one culture to another (in this case the enslaved/African to the European);
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life in order to please their masters or to alleviate themselves from getting beaten. Brathwaite outlines the slaves motivation for change by giving an example‚ “For the docile there was also the persuasion of the whip and the fear of punishment; for the venal‚ there was the bribe of gift or compliment or the offer of a better position‚ and for the curious and self-seeking‚ the imitation of the master”(Brathwaite‚ p.203). Goodison outlines as well the changes in her own great grandmother‚ “They forbade
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new social patterns" (Ashcroft‚ et al. 183). Hybridity is the force behind repossession in "South‚" and Brathwaite plays up what must remain from a hybrid (or colonized) identity. The poem reads‚ "But today I recapture the islands’ / bright beaches: blue mist from the ocean / rolling into the fishermen’s houses. / By these shores I was born" (1-4). The "I" in the poem‚ read as perhaps Brathwaite himself‚ has traveled from the beaches of his primitive home and has resided temporarily in cities with
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Caribbean Voices : Living a Double life / Dual Identities. Caribbean Poetry is the expression of the constant dualistic nature of the Caribbean identity. Caribbean Poetry exemplifies a unique hybrid made from the voice of the Caribbean experience and its postcolonial English heritage but this creates an inner crisis. The inner crisis of two conflicting cultures that create further conflicting ideas of home and belonging on one hand and growth and fulfilment on the other. But it is also about the
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Sociology‚ Edited by Christine Barrow and Rhoda Reddock‚ 2001. Ian Randle Publishers - Beckford‚ G - Best‚ Lloyd. 2001. Race‚ Class and Ethnicity: A Caribbean Interpretation. The Third Annual Jagan Lecture presented at York University - Brathwaite‚ E.K - Brathwaite‚ L. 1953. “Social Stratification in Trinidad‚” Introduction to Sociology Course Material The University of the West Indies‚ pg198. - Gordon‚ D. 1987. “Women and class: Method and Substance.” Caribbean Sociology Introductory Readings. Edited
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Bibliography: Anderson‚ Benedict‚ _IMAGINED COMMUNITIES_ ‚ Verso‚ 1983 Brathwaite‚ Edward K‚ ’Nation Language ’ found in Burke‚ Lucy; Crowley‚ Tony; and Girvin‚ Alan‚ _THE ROUTLEDGE LANGUAGE AND CULTURAL THEORY READER_ ‚ Routledge‚ 2000 Fallon‚ Steve‚ _PARIS (CITY GUIDE)_ Lonely Planet‚ 2008 Hickey‚ Tina‚ and Williams‚ Jenny
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166-174 Burgess‚ A.‚ Regehr‚ C.‚ Roberts‚ A Cicchetti‚ D. (2004). An odyssey of discovery: Lessons learned through three decades of research on child maltreatment. The American Psychologist‚ 59(8)‚ 731-741. Eckenrode‚ J. ‚ Rowe‚ E. ‚ Laird‚ M. ‚ & Brathwaite‚ J. (1995). Mobility as a mediator of the effects of child maltreatment on academic performance. Child Development‚ 66(4)‚ 1130-1142. Hart‚ S.N.‚ & Brassard‚ M.R. (1987). A Major threat to children’s mental health: Psychological maltreatment. American
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School Based Assessment Name: Mellisa Walker Subject: Caribbean History School: St. Hugh’s High Candidate Number: Centre Number: Territory: Jamaica Teacher: Ms. Hyman Year: 2013 Theme: Caribbean History Topic: West African cultural forms and its presence in the British Caribbean up 1838. Statement of the Problem Is it true to suggest that there was a strong presence of African cultural forms within the British Caribbean plantation society up to 1838? Rationale
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their relation with the rest of the world’ (p.102). Within the plantation model‚ the social structure is reflective of the authoritarian structure which governs economic organization. Creolization was originated with Edward Kamau Brathwaite. According to Brathwaite in the book Sociology for Caribbean Students‚ Creolization is defined as a process of change and adaptation that occurs over time. It also goes on to explain that in the Caribbean‚ the mixture of languages‚ religious rituals‚ musical
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Rap music is truly an American minority artist creation of which students need to be proud. Unfortunately‚ rap music is not perceived by many Americans as an art form‚ but as a fad which they hope will soon fade away. One of my intentions with my unit is to show that rap music is not a fad‚ but a musical art form that has been around for over 20 years in the United States. In fact‚ one can trace the history of rap back to the West African professional singers/storytellers known as Griots. However
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