INTRODUCTION Trade across the Sahara goes back at least one thousand years before the beginning of our period- perhaps many thousands of years. People often speak and write of ‘Africa South of the Sahara’ as if the Sahara was a frontier that divided Africa. On the contrary‚ the Sahara‚ at all periods‚ has provided highways for Africans to cross; it is more of a bridge than a barrier‚ even though there is a sharp drop both in altitude and life-supporting conditions from the Atlas into the Sahara
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The Trans-Saharan and the Indian Ocean trade are two of the most important trade routes during the Post Classical Era (600CE- 1450CE) especially during the rise of African civilization and the Middle Ages. Both of these trade routes spread wealth‚ were Arab controlled‚ and a significant aspect for the dissemination of Islam; however‚ the differences in geography and resources traded set them apart from each other. Although they have very different geography‚ the Trans- Saharan and Indian Ocean
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gold in Africa simply by paying for everything using gold. However‚ gold was not the only resource traded in Africa. The trans-Saharan trade routes were a vast trade network that reached across the continent‚ on which diverse goods and resources were traded‚ and knowledge‚ ideas‚ and religion spread in a phenomenon known as cultural diffusion. Cultural diffusion that occurred along the trans-Saharan trade routes shaped the development of culture in medieval Africa. The trans-Saharan trade routes provided
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itself with the help of the trans-Atlantic trade. Great Britain was then able to have adequate supremacy over the colonies to impose several acts such as the Navigation Acts and Molasses Act. Trade routes linked the American Colonies‚ West Indies‚ Africa and England. England‚ being the mother country‚ wanted a favorable balance of trade. The triangular trade is an example of mercantilism‚ or the idea that the mother country gains wealth and power by controlling the trade of its colonies. By taking
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The Trans-Atlantic Trade System refers to all of the trade done between Europe‚ Africa‚ and the Americas across the Atlantic Ocean. Sugar‚ slaves‚ and spirits fueled the entire triangular trade. Slaves were exchanged from Africa for rum‚ rum was produced as a byproduct of sugar‚ sugar was grown by slaves in the Americas‚ and Europe developed manufactured goods to aid the production of sugar. All three continents and their exports fit together to form the Trans-Atlantic Trade System. Plantation systems
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The Irish occupy a unique place in the history of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade‚ being white Europeans who were both slaves and slave owners‚ depending on which way the political and economic winds were blowing from the seventeenth century onwards. From the ruled to the rulers the Irish played a significant and almost universal role in the Trans-Atlantic slave trade and their story is one which is deserving of a greater knowledge both at home in Ireland but also worldwide. In relation to the question
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country-systems where trade happens without governmental‚ or any other interference‚ no tariffs or any other barriers. The goal of free trade areas is to eliminate exactly these hurdles for free trade. Free trade areas are trade blocs consisting of states who signed a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) which eliminates things as tariffs‚ import quotas and preferences on‚ in the best case‚ all goods and services between them. The goal of such FTA’s basically is to reduce barriers to exchange so that trade can grow.
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The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade A slave can be defined as a person who is the property of and wholly subject to another‚ a bond servant or a person entirely under the domination of some influence or person. Slavery was well recognized in many early civilizations. Ancient Egypt‚ Ancient China‚ the Akkad Ian Empire‚ Assyria‚ Ancient India‚ Ancient Greece‚ the Roman Empire‚ the Islamic Caliphate‚ the Hebrews in Palestine‚ and the pre-Columbian civilizations of the Americas all had either a form of
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= 117.80 Difference in interest Rate i¥ - i$ =3.400% -4.800% = -1.400% Expected gain (loss) on the Spot Rate Fsf =(S-F)/ (F)*(360/no.of days) = (118.60-118.00)/ (118.00)*(360/180) = 0.6/118.00*2*100 = 1.0169 =1.017% UIA potential profit (loss) Difference in interest rate | -1.400% | Expected gain (loss) on spot rate | 1.017% | UIA profit potential | -383% | | | In accordance to the arbitrage rule of thumb‚ given the difference in the interest
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and political effects of the slave trade on West Africa The trans- Atlantic slave trade was a system developed in the late 15th century which exploited and brought the African people into enslavement by transporting them to the colonies of the new world where they served their purpose as a ‘’cheap’’ labour force . As a result of this‚ the slave trade brought about many social‚ economic and political effects on West Africa. Firstly‚ the population in West Africa decreased significantly in order
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