Important structural variables in structure conduct performance (SCP) Structural characteristics often change slowly and can be regarded as fixed over time. Government policies can alter industry structure. We can identify the following as some of the more important structural variables. • Concentration This refers to the amount of market power held in the hands of a few firms and is normally measured by the share of total industry sales‚ assets or employment controlled by the largest firms
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Costs and budgets The management of costs is a very important aspect of managing financial resources. If costs are not managed effectively‚ it can lead to profits being damaged and the business potentially unable today its expense. Keeping within a budget‚ increasing income in order to cope with change and making sure that working capital is available and money and set aside for emergencies is all part of the balancing exercise. Costs managed to budget McDonald’s budget was adverse as there
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Two Variable Inequality Katherine Courtney MAT221 Phil Le August 25‚ 2013 Inequalities are equations that can be used to determine not just what something could equal but what something cannot equal. It tells us what the relative size is of two values and if they are big or small‚ too much or not enough. Inequalities could make it easier to determine how much someone might need of something in order to make a certain amount of something‚ while also determining
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Use of Dummy Variables in Testing for Equality Between Sets of Coefficients in Linear Regressions: A Generalization Author(s): Damodar Gujarati Source: The American Statistician‚ Vol. 24‚ No. 5 (Dec.‚ 1970)‚ pp. 18-22 Published by: American Statistical Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2682446 . Accessed: 09/07/2013 18:34 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use‚ available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms
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Types of Variables Binary variable Obsevations (i.e.‚ dependent variables) that occur in one of two possible states‚ often labelled zero and one. E.g.‚ “improved/not improved” and “completed task/failed to complete task.” Categorical Variable Usually an independent or predictor variable that contains values indicating membership in one of several possible categories. E.g.‚ gender (male or female)‚ marital status (married‚ single‚ divorced‚ widowed). The categories are often assigned numerical
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VARIABLE COSTINGMorenike Onibon Liberty University Abstract Determining the actual valuation of manufactured assets has always been a major problem in the accounting field. The real controversy exist in the decision regarding which costs are relevant to future periods‚ and thus should be included in assets valuation‚ and which should not be charged against net income. An understanding of the relationship between costs‚ volume‚ and profit‚ enables management to set more realistic objectives for
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Global Variables This writing assignment will focus on global variables. A global variable is a variable every module in a program can see‚ meaning that the entire program is its scope (Gaddis‚ 2010). There are both advantages and disadvantages to using global variables and it is my intention to explore some of them here‚ starting with the disadvantages. There seems to be a lot to be said about the disadvantages of using global variables. First and foremost the scope itself can be a disadvantage
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Measuring haemodynamic variables using different techniques and examining the effects of diving reflex‚ isometric muscle contraction and psychological stress on these variables. Introduction Haemodynamics is the study of factors that determine the movement of blood (Widmaier et al‚ 2011). The main haemodynamic factors are heart rate and blood pressure. Heart rate is defined as the number of times the heart contracts per minute. Normal resting heart rate in adults ranges between 60 – 100 beats
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What are Segmentation Variables? To understand what segmentation variables in marketing are‚ it helps to first know what market segmentation is. Market segmentation is the analysis of population demographics so they can be categorized in specific ways. These specific ways of categorization in market segmentation are why segmentation variables are needed and used. Four (4) groups of Segmentation Variables – 1. Geographic segmentation is based on variables such as: • Region: this kind of
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Discuss how societal forces influence the practice and theory of management. Do you think management techniques are a response to these forces? (Samson and Daft‚ 2009:78). Management‚ as defined by Davidson et al. (2006)‚ is “a set of activities including planning‚ decision making‚ organizing‚ leading and controlling directed at an organization’s resources (human‚ financial‚ physical and information) to achieve organizational goals in an efficient and effective manner” (p. 5). According to Bartol
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