Horizontal direct effect Horizontal direct effect is a legal doctrine developed by the European Court of Justice (ECJ) whereby individuals can rely on the direct effect of provisions in the Treaties‚ which confer individual rights‚ in order to make claims against other private individuals before national courts. By virtue of the doctrine of the ‘direct effect’ of Treaty provisions‚ individuals can rely directly on EC law before their national courts. There is no need for implementation of EC law
Premium European Union European Union law Treaty of Lisbon
Vertical Advantages Vertical organizations provide clear lines of authority and a tight span of control‚ which can lead to high operating efficiency. In general‚ the organization is comprised of relatively small departments‚ allowing managers to closely monitor and control the activities of their subordinates. Each layer of the organization reports to the one directly above it‚ all the way up the chain to top management‚ and each layer has its own clearly defined functions and responsibilities. Employees
Premium Management Structure Organization
Richard Warren Sears and Sears‚ Roebuck‚ & Company Richard Warren Sears was born on December 7‚ 1863‚ in Stewartville‚ Minnesota. He was the son of James Warren and Eliza A. Sears‚ both of English ancestory. His father led anything but a happy life. He had failed in his quest for gold during the California Gold Rush of 1849 and was a bitter soldier in the Civil War‚ which he blamed on politicians. He had earned a sizable sum of money working as a blacksmith and a wagonmaker‚ but he lost it
Premium Sears
Corina Nava Pelton Strategic Management March‚ 2013 Chris Canolis I. Target Corporation American retailing company headquartered in Minneapolis‚ Minnesota. Target is the second-largest discount retailer in the United States‚ behind Wal-Mart. The Target chain discount stores range from 95‚000 to 135‚000 square feet. Super Target chain hypermarkets are approx. 174‚000 sq. ft. Target’s beginnings During the Panic of 1893 which caused a decline in retail estate prices‚ the Westminster
Premium Target Corporation Wal-Mart
Executive Summary Candace Company Analysis Nikki/Yvonne Introduction Sears is our nation’s fourth largest retailer. With over 4‚000 stores in the United States and Canada‚ Sears has grown from its humble beginnings. Sears is a leader in apparel‚ home appliances‚ home‚ lawn and garden‚ tools‚ automotive repair‚ maintenance‚ and electronics. Sears also provides home service‚ serving 11 million service calls yearly. Richard Sears founded Sears as a mail order company and it grew to be one of
Premium Retailing Sears Holdings Corporation
The Horizontally Opposed Revolution Common engine architectures include the V-type and incline engines‚ but the most unique of the three is the horizontally opposed engine. The horizontally opposed engine‚ also known as the boxer engine‚ is the only engine that has pistons that move from side-to-side and give the engine a flat look. The boxer engine has an uneventful past‚ a rich present and bright future. The original design for the boxer engine comes from Carl Benz in 1896 (Hendriks‚ 2006)
Premium Internal combustion engine Porsche Karl Benz
types of mergers which these companies must consider horizontal‚ vertical‚ and conglomeration. A horizontal merger occurs when two companies from the same industry consolidate their assets and eliminate competition allow them to reach potential higher gain within market. Vertical mergers occur when two or more companies operating at different levels are producing goods or services for a particular industry. The goal
Premium Mergers and acquisitions Corporation Marketing
deciphering meaningful insight can be a daunting task (thevalueatrisk.blogspot.com‚ 2009). A relatively effective process exists known as Vertical Analysis. The premise of Vertical Analysis is to create common-size financial statements‚ where all balance sheet and income statement items are converted into percentage terms for purposes of comparison. Using vertical analysis‚ comparisons can be made between firms regardless of size. This approach is especially useful when determining the relative financial
Premium Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Balance sheet Financial ratios
Guest Customers in American Apparel market can be generally separated into three segments: women‚ men‚ and children. Each segment has its own portion of the overall market share. The U.S. apparel market grew 4 percent in 2011 with total dollar sales of 199 billion dollars (Beth Boyle). The growth of dollar sales in the men’s apparel market led the way in the adult apparel market with an increase of 4 percent. Women’s apparel grew by 3 percent and children’s apparel by 6 percent. • Women and
Premium Clothing Marketing
ASSIGNMENT-2 MELTEM MAĞDEN ING 102 CRN : 30095 JULY 18‚ 2013 VERTICAL ARCHİTECTURES With time is going on‚ people are trying to choose the best option for their living.When the population rise became in great members‚ vertical cities has been the best alternative for people.Having construction of hyperstructures that capacitates large quantities of population is the defination of some kind for vertical cities.As Abel explains‚ cities are anticipated to have eighty per cent of
Premium Water Architecture Urban area