Bioremediation Methods for Oil Spills Contents I. Introduction II. History of Bioremediation 1. ‘Courtship’ Period (Pre-1989) 2. ‘Honeymoon’ Period (1989-1991) 3. ‘Establishment’ Period (since 1992) III. The Biological and Chemical Processes of Bioremediation 1. Biodegradation a. Biological Process b. Degrading Species c. Chemical Process d. Need for Bioremediation 2. Bioremediation a. Seeding with Microbial Cultures b. Environmental Modification
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EXXON VALDEZ OIL SPILL Relevant Facts On March 24‚ 1989‚ there were several ruptured tanks of the Exxon Valdez that allowed approximately 11 million gallons of crude oil to pour into the Gulf of Alaska. As soon as this happened‚ it started what would be described as one of the most dreadful environmental disasters in the history of oil drilling. A few months after‚ there were enormous surges of wind and waves that caused the oil to spread further out into the shorelines of Prince
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political chemistry of oil spills and why this is an incredibly important‚ long‚ oily‚ hot summer‚ and why we need to keep ourselves from getting distracted. But before I talk about the political chemistry‚ I actually need to talk about the chemistry of oil. This is a photograph from when I visited Prudhoe Bay in Alaska in 2002 to watch the Minerals Management Service testing their ability to burn oil spills in ice. And what you see here is‚ you see a little bit of crude oil‚ you see some ice cubes
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THE EXXON VALDEZ OIL SPILL Whats an oil spill ? Oil spills happen when people make mistakes or are careless and cause an oil tanker to leak oil into the ocean. There are a few more ways an oil spill can occur. Equipment breaking down may cause an oil spill. If the equipment breaks down‚ the tanker may get stuck on shallow land. When they start to drive the tanker again‚ they can put a hole in the tanker causing it to leak oil. The Exxon Valdez oil spill: On March 24‚ 1989 at 4 minutes past
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Exxon Valdez Oil Spill ABSTRACT In March of 1989‚ the Exxon Valdez oil tanker ran aground on Bligh Reef in Prince William Sound‚ Alaska. An eighteen foot wide hole was ripped into the hull‚ and 10.9 million gallons of crude oil spilled into the ocean. In the following weeks‚ many things transpired. This paper will discuss the cleanup‚ the damage‚ and the results of the biggest oil spill in United States history. On March 24‚ 1989‚ in Prince William Sound Alaska‚ the Exxon Valdez was moving
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humans consume and produce energy. In the 1990s‚ it was estimated that‚ “the annual global input of petroleum would be between 1.7 and 8.8 million metric tons‚ the majority of which is derived from anthropogenic sources.” Meaning the estimated amount of oil that would be used every year to meet the energy demand.(Leahy and Colwell 1990) Since this prediction‚ the amount actually used each year has grown considerably. Due to this increased use‚ there have been an equal amount of environmental response from
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The Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill commenced on April 20‚ 2010 and continued for next 86 days. It was devastating to the extent that it killed eleven men and seventeen people severely wounded. The total estimate of the crude oil spilled is about 4.9 million barrels. It was controlled later on but the devastating effects that last for a longtime‚ is was the contribution of the deterioration of air and water through pollutions. When the oil evaporation happens it creates very small particles called carcinogens
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Collection Undergraduate Scholarship 4-22-2011 Communicating During Crisis: A Case Study of the 2010 BP Gulf Oil Spill Aubrey N. Villines Butler University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.butler.edu/ugtheses Part of the Communication Commons Recommended Citation Villines‚ Aubrey N.‚ "Communicating During Crisis: A Case Study of the 2010 BP Gulf Oil Spill" (2011). Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection. Paper 90. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access
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Alexa Resnick What does the safety legislation implemented after the Exxon Valdez oil spill say about the government’s changing role in protecting against environmental hazards and how have the laws since then become stricter? One of the biggest take-aways from the Exxon Valdez oil spill was that prevention techniques and response capability were not effective enough. The large-scale shipment of oil on supertankers during the 1960s made a serious accident almost unavoidable. During the 1980s‚ safety
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INTRODUCTION Due to the very nature of oil resources‚ the environment is invariably affected. The first way in which the environment is affected by the oil industry is through both the drilling and the transportation processes. The chemicals used in the drilling can be harmful to the environment‚ drilling itself poses a great danger‚ for instance in case of an oil spill (as the Deepwater Horizon oil spill showed)‚ and as the Exxon Valdez disaster so evidently portrayed‚ transportation can be equally
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