Bioremediation Methods for Oil Spills Contents I. Introduction II. History of Bioremediation 1. ‘Courtship’ Period (Pre-1989) 2. ‘Honeymoon’ Period (1989-1991) 3. ‘Establishment’ Period (since 1992) III. The Biological and Chemical Processes of Bioremediation 1. Biodegradation a. Biological Process b. Degrading Species c. Chemical Process d. Need for Bioremediation 2. Bioremediation a. Seeding with Microbial Cultures b. Environmental Modification
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largest oil spill to date. However‚ the oil spill did not only affect the gulf. Animals‚ humans‚ ecosystems‚ and biodiversity were all impacted as a result. This act‚ inflicted as a war strategy by the Iraqi’s‚ is the cause of mass deterrence to the environment in the area. Although tremendous progress has been made in an effort to clean the Gulf War oil spill‚ there are still several efforts that must be made in order to maximize the fixation. In this paper‚ there are several aspects of the spill to
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The Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill commenced on April 20‚ 2010 and continued for next 86 days. It was devastating to the extent that it killed eleven men and seventeen people severely wounded. The total estimate of the crude oil spilled is about 4.9 million barrels. It was controlled later on but the devastating effects that last for a longtime‚ is was the contribution of the deterioration of air and water through pollutions. When the oil evaporation happens it creates very small particles called carcinogens
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Management Crisis The Frontline report‚ “The Spill”‚ which focused on British Petroleum ’s problematic management culture and its catastrophic effects‚ aired on October 26‚ 2010. Around then‚ the oil giant BP had suffered a crisis with its latest off-shore oil rig‚ the Deepwater Horizon. However‚ this was just the latest in accidents concerning its oil operations. In the years before the Deepwater Horizon accident‚ BP had also suffered major accidents in its oil production fields in Texas and Alaska. Its
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Scope of Research The spectrums of oil spill issues are diverse and large. They range from environmental issue to economic‚ ecological‚ ethical‚ politics and policies. Among many other oil spills‚ the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico‚ occurred on April 20‚ 2010 was recorded as the greatest environmental disaster in our history (BP leak the world’s worst accidental oil spill‚ 2010). The goal of our research is to seek possible solutions to reduce the risks of offshore oil spills. To attain
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Pennsylvania the first oil well was drilled (Congressional Digest 2010). The thirty-eight years following that first onshore oil well would be dedicated to searching for offshore oil resources (Congressional Digest 2010). By 1896 those who searched accomplished what they set out to do off of Summerland‚ California (Congressional Digest 2010). During 1910‚ oil was an invaluable source of energy in America (Congressional Digest 2010). The people of America came up with ways to access and gain oil quicker than
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Cover Page Introduction ………………………………………………….pg 2 The Exxon Valdez oil spill……………………………………pg 2 Short term effects……………………………………………pg 3 Long term effects……………………………………………pg 3 Canges after the spill………………………………………..pg 4 Legal settlement……………………………………………..pg 4 Reference…………………………………………………….pg 4 Introduction On March 24‚ 1989‚ the tanker Exxon Valdez‚ en route from Valdez‚ Alaska to Los Angeles‚ California‚ ran aground
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Exxon Valdez Oil Spill ABSTRACT In March of 1989‚ the Exxon Valdez oil tanker ran aground on Bligh Reef in Prince William Sound‚ Alaska. An eighteen foot wide hole was ripped into the hull‚ and 10.9 million gallons of crude oil spilled into the ocean. In the following weeks‚ many things transpired. This paper will discuss the cleanup‚ the damage‚ and the results of the biggest oil spill in United States history. On March 24‚ 1989‚ in Prince William Sound Alaska‚ the Exxon Valdez was moving
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humans consume and produce energy. In the 1990s‚ it was estimated that‚ “the annual global input of petroleum would be between 1.7 and 8.8 million metric tons‚ the majority of which is derived from anthropogenic sources.” Meaning the estimated amount of oil that would be used every year to meet the energy demand.(Leahy and Colwell 1990) Since this prediction‚ the amount actually used each year has grown considerably. Due to this increased use‚ there have been an equal amount of environmental response from
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WHAT IS AN OIL SPILL? An oil spill is the discharge of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment‚ especially marine areas‚ due to human activities‚ and is one form of pollution. An oil spill occurs when a vehicle‚ vessel‚ pipeline or drilling rig releases petroleum products into the environment uncontrollably. The first major oil spill on record happened when the Thomas W. Lawson schooner became beached in the Isles of Scilly in 1907‚ spilling 58‚000 barrels of paraffin oil into the
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