Proteins are polymeric chains that are built from monomers called amino acids. All structural and functional properties of proteins derive from the chemical properties of the polypeptide chain. There are four levels of protein structural organization: primary‚ secondary‚ tertiary‚ and quaternary. Primary structure is defined as the linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. The secondary structure refers to certain regular geometric figures of the chain. Tertiary structure results from
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Give an account of protein structure and function Protein structure 1 Proteins consist of amino acids joined together (in chains) 2 A protein is unique because of the sequence of amino acids 3 The amino acids are joined by strong peptide bonds 4 to produce the primary structure 5 Further (weak) hydrogen bonding between acids 6 produce the secondary and tertiary structures A maximum of 4 marks can be gained from this section. Protein function 7 Some proteins are enzymes + named example
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Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins Rotation around the -Carbon in a Polypeptide A Sterically Nonallowed Conformation The Helix and Pleated Sheet Conformationally allowable structures where backbone is optimally Hbonded (linear Hbonds). Helix (3.613 Helix): •3.6 residues/turn •Rise = 0.15 nm/ residue •13-atom hydrogenbonded loop Linus Pauling and Robert Corey‚ 1950 Pleated Sheet: •Anti-parallel or parallel •2.0 residues/”turn” •0.34 nm/residue (anti-parallel) or 0.32 nm/residue
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How the structure of proteins are related to their functions Rachel Morris The basic building blocks of proteins are amino acids‚ the biuret reaction tests for protein. A solution of sodium hydroxide is added to a sample then a few drops of copper sulphate solution‚ if positive – the solution will turn mauve. There are 20 different amino acids and they can be joined in any order. Therefore there can be many different functions. A protein consists of one or more polypeptide chains (a polypeptide
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The Structure and Function Relationships of Proteins Proteins are a group of organic compounds whose molecules consist of carbon‚ hydrogen‚ oxygen‚ nitrogen and sometimes sulfur atoms. They are condensation polymers of amino acids that are joined by strong peptide bonds. There are 20 different types of amino acids available‚ and the different combinations of these amino acids give it different structures and specific functions to it. Below in this essay‚ will illustrate the how different structure
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Task 1 • Describe the structure of an enzyme as a protein‚ in terms of tertiary/ quaternary structures. 1) Primary Structure This is in reference to the order of way that amino acids are connected to form a protein. These are built up from 20 amino acids‚ and follow these structures o A carbon (the alpha carbon) bonded to the four groups below: o A hydrogen atom (H) o A Carboxyl group (-COOH) o An Amino group (-NH2) o A "variable" group or "R" group 2) Secondary Structure This is in reference
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How Primary Structure Determines Protein Function Proteins are everywhere. As enzymes‚ they catalyse chemical reactions. There are many different types of proteins: carrier and channel proteins which transport substances‚ receptor proteins which are recognition site for antibodies and hormones‚ structural proteins which support cells and tissues‚ and hormones which transmit information. Proteins are big molecules with large molecular masses that are made up of many amino acids; they’re‚ essentially
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Blake October 2‚ 2012 Biochemistry I Circular Dichroism and Secondary Structure of Proteins Proteins are vital to an organism life; they are involved in nearly all cellular functions. It is an essential part of enzymes‚ the cellular membrane‚ active transport‚ protein synthesis and wound healing. Because one relies so heavily upon proteins and its function the structure of proteins is also very important. “The way a protein will fold over its self-determines how it interacts with other chemicals
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DENATURATION OF PROTEINS Abstract The experiment aimed to use the concept of viscosity to study the effects of different denaturants on 1% albumin extract. An Ostwald viscometer was used to measure the flow time of 5 mL of the blank and native protein. These were then denatured by adding 1 mL of denaturant and had their flow time measured. The flow time from the blank to denatured protein is increasing. The specific viscosity and reduced viscosity
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Protein SCI/241 Protein A protein are organic compounds that made up of amino acids and are the building blocks of the cells in the body. Every cell in the body requires proteins to grow and repair themselves so these proteins are necessary for a healthy body and survival. Having so much protein can hurt your body so when you consume so much can get you sick and the right size of protein can keep you from getting sick. They’re five types of protein in everything that we eat. The largest class
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