Enzymes are catalytic proteins that selectively speed up chemical reactions without by consumed by the reaction itself (1). Enzyme activity is significantly affected by factors such as temperature‚ substrate concentration‚ enzyme concentration and pH. Enzymes are highly specific and only catalyse one specific chemical reaction‚ speeding up the reaction by lowering the activation energy‚ the energy required to start a chemical reaction (2). At high temperatures and with various mechanical forces or
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Reactions Enzymes are proteins found in living things that speed up chemical reactions. They aid in nearly all metabolic processes‚ such as food digestion‚ molecule synthesis‚ and the storage/ release of energy. An enzyme speeds up the rate of the chemical reactions by lowering the reaction’s activation energy‚ which means that by definition‚ an enzyme functions as biological catalyst. The activation energy is the energy that is used to get a reaction started. The function of an enzyme is dependent
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Enzymes Enzymes are… * Biological catalysts Lower the energy level needed for a biochemical reaction to occur. This energy level is called activation energy. * Proteins Polypeptide chains made up of 100’s-1000’s of amino acids in a specific sequence. * Do not get “used up” in a reaction The number of “uses” of an enzyme depends on the enzyme. * Work more efficiently at certain optimum temperatures. * They are “reaction-specific”. Each enzyme is included in one reaction.
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LABORATORY REPORT Activity 3: Recruitment and Contractions Name: Instructor: Ruth Peterson Date: 07/17/2014 PREDICTIONS 1. When the arm goes from resting to flexing‚ the amplitude and frequency of sEMG spikes will: increase 2. During flexion‚ the amplitude and frequency of sEMG spikes will _be greater_____ during extension. 3. Recruitment of motor units will be greatest when the load is: 5 pounds MATERIALS AND METHODS Comparison of motor unit activation during muscle
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1.7 Factors that affect the activity of an enzyme It is important when working with enzymes to understand basic enzymatic theory behind them when selecting conditions to measure the activity of the enzymes. The factors that are known to affect the concentration of enzymes are temperature‚ pH‚ concentration of enzyme‚ concentration of substrate‚ buffer type and concentration‚ the presence of any inhibitors and cofactors (Worthington-biochem.com). 1.7.1. Temperature With most catalysed reactions‚
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structure of the enzyme is mainly dependent on the active site and variable groups. Extreme temperatures or extreme pHs can alter the structure of an enzyme. Enzymes function to lower the activation energy to break the bonds. They achieve this by putting stress and pressure on the bonds or creating a microenvironment for the substrate. Enzymes are regulated by inhibitors or activators and can be inhibited by the products of the reaction‚ called feedback inhibition. Enzymes are catalytic proteins;
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on Enzyme Activity Rate Abstract The reaction rate of an enzyme can be affected by many factors‚ and the purpose of this experiment was to find out how an increasing substrate concentration influences the rate of an enzyme activity; we obtained data from recording the absorbance of the samples which contain the same amount of potato juice (enzyme oxidase) and different amount of catechol (substrate) while holding pH and temperature constant. Our findings illustrate that the rate of enzyme activity
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May 1‚ 2013 Enzymes as Drug Targets Enzymes are defined as any of numerous proteins produced in living cells that accelerate or catalyze the metabolic processes of an organism. Enzymes are usually very selective in the molecules that they act upon‚ called substrates‚ often reacting with only a single substrate. The substrate binds to the enzyme at a location called the active site just before the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme takes place. Enzymes can speed up chemical reactions by up to
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Enzyme activity The introduction is a statement of the subject and objectives of the experiment and presents your hypothesis. Relevant background information (appropriately referenced) is given in sufficient detail that a person unfamiliar with the topic can understand the nature of the experiment. A good introduction is clear and concise. Carbohydrates and proteins should be explained in terms of their structure and major functions in cells. Your intro should end with a brief overview of the amylase
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Chemistry Unit 1 – Revision Questions Chemistry 1A 1) Define an element. How many are there in the Periodic Table? 2) Write a table with the charges and masses of protons‚ neutrons and electrons. 3) Define atomic number and mass number. 4) Draw electron (energy level) diagrams for Be‚ S‚ Al‚ Cl and K. Also‚ write down the number of protons and neutrons for each. Finally‚ write the symbols (with mass no. and atomic no.) 5) Why have all Group 7 elements (halogens) got similar chemical properties
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