one or both cells are dependent on each other (Campbell et al.‚ 2008). Strong evidence suggests that different types of photosynthetic cyanobacteria underwent endosymbiosis that evolved into different types of photosynthetic eukaryotes (Biology 108 Lab Manual 2012). During eukaryotic evolution‚ red algae and green algae led to five supergroups of eukaryotes through a process of secondary endosymbiosis (Campbell et al.‚ 2008). Three basic photosynthetic pigments: chlorophylls‚ carotenoids‚ and phycobilins
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Introduction During the course of this lab‚ we explored whether or not certain processed foods contained Genetically Modified Organisms. Genetically modified food is an important subject in the world today. Ever since Flavr Savr came out with their tomatoes grown from genetically modified seeds in 1994 genetically modified foods has become ever more popular amongst distributors of produce (Mestel‚ 2013). The world’s population has grown by around one billion in the last decade (US Bureau of the
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Thermodynamics- Enthalpy of Reaction and Hess’s Law December 5‚ 2011 Kylie Case‚ Emma McKee‚ Rebecca Smith Purpose: In this lab‚ the purpose was to verify Hess’s Law. Theory: Four main topics were covered during this experiment including enthalpy of reaction‚ heat of formation‚ Hess’s Law‚ and calorimetry. The first being enthalpy of reaction‚ ΔHrxn‚ which is the heat or enthalpy change for a chemical reaction. The energy change is equal to the amount of heat transferred at a constant
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purpose of antimicrobial drugs is either to inhibit virus replication‚ without harming host tissues or to interrupt the cell processes or structures of bacteria‚ fungi‚ and protozoa. This lab has brought great interest to me because this is the way physicians’ control/treat infectious disease within our bodies. In this lab‚ chemotherapeutic agents were evaluated by the disk-diffusion method. Chemotherapeutic agents are placed on the surface of a Petri plate containing Mueller-Hinton agar‚ which allows
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Experimenting with a Candle Justin Nguyen Mrs. Howley 11/16/11 Mod F Purpose: the purpose is to learn how the process of a candle burning. The goals of this experiment are to practice in the art of observation‚ the art of questioning‚ and the development of a better understanding of this process. Hypothesis: through this experiment‚ we will learn how candle is working. Materials: * Candle * Note card * Matches or butane lighter * Aluminum foil * 1L beaker * Balance
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Science Lab- Determining the Most Effective Antacid Robby Grewal SNC2D0 Introduction: Heartburn is a form of indigestion by acid digestion it affects many people worldwide. A solution to defeat heartburn is to take an antacid. An antacid is medicine which neutralizes your stomach acidity. In this experiment‚ we will be using three liquid antacids which are Phillips Milk of Magnesia‚ Life Brand Milk of Magnesia and Diovol plus AF and determine which one is the most effective at neutralizing
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Biophysical Ecology Abstract: There are many patterns that can be observed throughout our environment. In this experiment‚ the temperatures of organisms in a biophysical environment were analyzed to see if a pattern could be recognized that was related to the behavior of an ectotherm. An ectotherm is an organism that relies on the environment to regulate its body temperature. Organisms such as Pseudemys (turtles) and Lacertilia (lizards) are examples or ectotherms. After arriving at Maxcy Gregg
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bacteria will be one of the following: Enterococcus faecalis‚ Staphylococcus saprophyticus‚ Escherichia coli‚ Enterobacter aerogenes‚ Proteus vulgaris‚ Salmonella [I assume typhimurium]‚ or Shigella [either flexneri or sonnei‚ we used both in our lab during the semester]. Procedure {and observations}: Observe bacterial colony morphology. {Colonies are large‚ beige or cream-colored‚ with irregular borders.} Prepare two slides for gram staining and viewing under a microscope. {Either my gram-stain
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salt solution is 6.3grams and the 15% salt solution is 6.8 grams. My hypothesis was that the carrot would shrink and be very small and gooey‚ but it was wrong. The controlled variable in this lab is the carrot and time‚ the manipulated variable is the salt solution‚ and the resulting variable in this lab is what happens to the carrot. Materials and Methods: . Salt solution ( 0-15%) . 4 Carrot pieces from same Carrot( Cut carrot in half if needed) . 4 Beakers . Water . Triple beam balance
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one outlier that was strange was the one paper towels. Only 14 of the 15 seeds germinated in that group. The difference that we could observation was the healthiness of the plants. IV. Conclusion Paragraph 1 Recap (Evidence): The purpose of our lab was to see if the amount paper towels would affect the germination of the seeds. My hypothesis was‚ if I increase the amount of paper towels‚ then the germination rate would increase too. We observed the petri dishes in class and we would add 2 ml of
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