Why and to what extent do people make significant purchases from people with whom they have prior noncommercial relationships? Using data from the economic sociology module of the 1996 General Social Survey‚ we document high levels of within-network exchanges. We argue that transacting with social contacts is effective because it embeds commercial exchanges in a web of obligations and holds the seller ’s network hostage to appropriate role performance in the economic transaction. It follows
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Outline and evaluate Functionalist views of the role of the family in society. [33 marks] Functionalism is a structuralist theory; this meaning that it sees social structure (the social organisation of society) as more important than individuals. Functionalist sociologists believe that people have a range of basic needs that must be met if society is to run smoothly. Different groups and individuals in society are important because they perform certain functions which meet society’s needs. Functionalism
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Outline and evaluate the biological explanation of depression. Biological explanation of depression can be explained by neurotransmitter dysfunction. Neurotransmitters such as noradrenalin and serotonin have been shown to be linked with depression. Bunney at al (1965) found that there was low levels of noradrenaline function in the brain of depressed individuals. Also‚ post mortem studies found increased noradrenaline receptors in the brains of depressed suicide victims. When there is low noradrenaline
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very different. He argued that high death rates encouraged indifference and neglect. Often‚ children were called ‘it’ or forgotten about. Neil Postman (1994) – He argues that childhood is ‘disappearing at a dazzling speed’. Perspectives Functionalist view: They see the family as POSITIVE for society They believe that the nuclear family is a positive institution that is beneficial to society - they look at the functions that the nuclear family performs for the good of society as a whole. These
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focused on inequalities in health in the United Kingdom. It was named The Black report‚ after Chairman Sir Douglas Black. The report concluded that morbidity and mortality was unevenly distributed throughout the population. It suggested that even since the creation of the National Health Service (NHS) in 1948 inequalities between social classes continues to widen rather than diminishing. The report does not hold the NHS responsible for the increase of inequalities but highlights social inequalities influencing
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THE PHENOMENON OF SOCIAL STRATIFICATION. Social stratification refers to the presence of distinct social groups which are ranked one above the other in terms of factors such as prestige and wealth (Haralambos & Holborn‚ 2004). Those who belong to a particular group or stratum will have some awareness of common interests and a common identity. They also share a similar lifestyle which‚ to some extent‚ will distinguish them from members of other social strata (Lenski‚ 1984)
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Assess sociological explanations of science and ideology as belief systems (33 marks) A belief system is a set of ideas that a person uses to make sense of the world around us. Science can be defined as a way of looking at the natural world‚ which is systematic‚ objective and capable of generating universal laws. Ideology is a systematic set of beliefs‚ which serve the interests of a social group in society. It is often associated with the ‘power’ and the ability of those at the top of the society
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Describe and Evaluate Two Social Psychological Theories of Aggression One social psychological theory of aggression is based on the Social Learning Theory. It is the behavioural approach‚ which suggests that all behaviours‚ such as aggression are learnt‚ through observation and imitation‚ the theory suggests that there are various steps which need to take place in order for aggression to be learnt. First of all‚ attention needs to be paid to the aggressive behaviour‚ it is then important for the
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Childhood is socially construted‚ this means it is only a human concept and the only reason that ’childhood ’ exists is because society makes it that way. Over time childhood has changed as different norms and values over each century of life have been different and is still changing at present. Also in different places of the world there are different cultures and ethics so therefore their veiw of childhood will also be different. As Wagg (1992) states ‘Childhood is socially constructed. It is
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Outline and evaluate psychological explanations of schizophrenia (24 marks) Brown and Birley studied stressful life events in the role of relapse in schizophrenics. They found that 50% of people experience a stressful life event e.g. death‚ relationship break-up‚ job loss etc. in the 3 weeks prior to a schizophrenic episode. A control sample reported a low and unchanging level of stressful life events over the same period. However not all evidence supports the role of life events. For example‚
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