scientist Dr. Karthikeyan Vasudevan (Scientist F) on topic entitled as “Prevalence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) on amphibians in India”. This parasitic chytrid fungus grows on skin of frog‚ leading to blockage of gaseous exchange and osmoregulation due to which the infected frog gets a cardiac arrest. Here‚ my work is to collect frog’s surface microbiome from forest by non-invasive cotton swabbing technique followed by total DNA extraction from swab sample. I do PCR to check the prevalence
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Membrane Function?. Summary. The role of the biological membrane has proved to be vital in countless mechanisms necessary to a cells survival. The phospholipid bilayer performs the simpler functions such as compartmentation‚ protection and osmoregulation. The proteins perform a wider range of functions such as extracellular interactions and metabolic processes. The carbohydrates are found in conjunction with both the lipids and proteins‚ and therefore enhance the properties of both. This may
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Animals * Animals * Multicellular * Heterotrophic * Eukaryotic * Develop from embryonic layers * Nutritional mode * Eat/ingest other living things or non living things * Ingest food and use enzymes in the body to digest it * Cell Structure and Specialization * Eukaryotic and multicellular * Lack cell walls but held together by collagen * Muscle and nerve cells (only in animals) * Helps to move and conduct nerve
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Methods To determine the principals of osmoregulation‚ we sampled two lobsters from each tank and there were three different tanks which the water ranged in salinity. The experiment is to determine whether the six lobsters tested are osmoregulators or osmoconformers‚ this is done by obtaining a sample of hemolymph. The first step of the lab is to prepare the needle and syringe that will be taking the hemolymph. The syringe size was 1 ml‚ and the intention is to collect between 0.5 and 1.0 ml
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3.1 BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES 3.1.1 Properties of Cell Membranes • Separates living cell from its nonliving surroundings. • 8 nm thick. • Selectively permeable - allows some substances to cross more easily than others. 4.1.2 Fluid Mosaic Model • Singer and Nicolson (1972) - plasma membrane is a mosaic of proteins dispersed within lipid bilayer‚ with only bilayer‚ the hydrophilic regions exposed to water. Hydrophilic region of protein Phospholipid bilayer Hydrophobic region of protein
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chloride have been most successful in controlling cell volume by exposing environments surrounding a cell to the ions. It necessary to study what effects the previously mentioned ions would have on another substance or solute dissolved in water. Osmoregulation is the regulation of water and ion concentrations in a cell (Driscoll). Animals must regulate there water intake‚ and they do so by performing this process. Animals like fish and insects have an isotonic environment‚ and they use a chemical called
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“Physiological regulation of fluid compartment volumes and chemical composition is critical for normal cell function.” It is important that the human body has the ability to maintain a constant internal environment referred to as homeostasis (Waugh and Grant 2010). Claude Bernard was a 19th century French physiologist who first discovered the concept of homeostasis. But it was Walter Cannon‚ a 20th century American physiologist who devised the word “homeostasis” (Marieb and Hoehn 2007). Temperature
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Class IX: Biology Chapter 5: The fundamental unit of life. Chapter Notes Key learnings: 1) In 1665‚ Robert Hooke first discovered and named the cells. 2) Cell is the structural and functional unit of all living organisms. 3) Organisms may be unicellular or multicellular. A single cell constitutes the unicellular organism whereas many cells coordinately function in case of multicellular organism. 4) The size‚ shape and volume of the cell are related to the specific function that they
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2.6.6. Levels of total ammonia nitrogen‚ nitrite‚ nitrate and phosphate in the water samples The mean TAN levels in the present study in all the sampling stations were below the recommended level of 0.1 to 1.0 mg/L prescribed by Boyd (1990). However‚ when the level recommended (< 0.2 mg/L) by Chavez (2009) is taken as a standard‚ it was found to that 35% of the study period‚ TAN levels were above the acceptable limit in the feeder canal and the pond 3. Ferreira et al. (2011) has recommended 0
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How does the kidney function: The kidney has two important functions for the body because it is connected to the body’s blood flow‚ it can help monitor blood pressure and secrete hormones‚ which can raise blood pressure in the event when it does not receive enough blood flow. However the most important job is filtration of blood. The kidney works to filter out toxins‚ especially chemicals that are formed as a result of cells using energy. The kidneys also work to maintain the balance of electrolytes
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