It is very obvious from the comments posted in this thread that the people driving the use of the RaspberryPi as a PLC training tool have not conducted any professional‚ electrical and electronic engineering research into the design criteria required for an educational PLC or are prepared to acknowledge the legally required European Union safety compliance to IEC61508 and IEC 611313. A PLC’s functional criterion is an industrial control device used to automate electrically driven machinery
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Electrical Cable Cross section is just a two-dimensional view of a slice through an object. An often asked question: How can you convert the diameter of a round wire d to the circle cross section surface or the cross-section area A (slice plane) to the cable diameter d? Resistance varies inversely with the cross-sectional area of a wire. | ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form | Wire diameter d | unit | | | Cross-sectional area A | unit2 | | |
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Introduction This experiment tests electrical conduction. Electrical conduction is the transportation of an electrical charge through a substance. This is done by the electrical charge/current being sent through the substance via electrons. These electrons carry the electrical current/charge throughout the substance’s length until another conductor is able to receive the electrons charge. Part B: Risk Assessment: During the construction of “the modified hurler‚ “
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4179 APRIL 6‚ 2010 THOMAS R. PIPER JEFFREY DEVOLDER Jones Electrical Distribution After several years of rapid growth‚ in the spring of 2007 Jones Electrical Distribution anticipated a further substantial increase in sales. Despite good profits‚ the company had experienced a shortage of cash and had found it necessary to increase its borrowing from Metropolitan Bank—a local onebranch bank—to $250‚000 in 2006. The maximum loan that Metropolitan would make to any one borrower was $250‚000
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security cameras‚ and the hotel’s kitchens and bars: drawing approximately 1000kVA from the national grid and directing it through hundreds of individual switches and control units built into one central console. I picked up my pencil- this was not an electrical engineering exam at school: instead of lounging at the beach with my friends‚ I had chosen to spend my summer at Specialised Power Systems (“SPS”)‚ designing and building Mr. Rowleys‘s switchboard. As the engineers and I gathered around and started
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Anthropogenic hazards or human-made hazards can result in the form of a human-made disaster. In this case‚anthropogenic means threats having an element of human intent‚ negligence‚ or error; or involving a failure of a human-made system. This is as opposed to natural hazards that cause natural disasters. Either can result in huge losses of life and property as well as damage to peoples’ mental‚ physical and social well-being. Fire Bush fires‚ forest fires‚ and mine fires are generally started by lightning
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Electrical Charges: Electrical charges come as plus or minus. Like charges repel‚ unlike charges attract. Electrons and protons have‚ to fantastic accuracy‚ equal and opposite charges. Quarks have 1/3 the electron charge but are never seen alone! In wires electrons do the moving to carry electrical current. In solutions or plasmas there can be positive charge carriers‚ ions or protons. Although the signal to tell electrons to move in wires travels at about 2/3 the speed of light
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Wire Symbols Electrical Wire Conductor of electrical current Connected Wires Connected crossing Not Connected Wires Wires are not connected Switch Symbols and Relay Symbols SPST Toggle Switch Disconnects current when open SPDT Toggle Switch Selects between two connections Pushbutton Switch (N.O) Momentary switch - normally open Pushbutton Switch (N.C) Momentary switch - normally closed DIP Switch DIP switch is used for onboard configuration SPST Relay Relay open
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First Edition‚ last update January 18‚ 2010 2 Lessons In Electric Circuits‚ Volume VI – Experiments By Tony R. Kuphaldt First Edition‚ last update January 18‚ 2010 i c 2002-2011‚ Tony R. Kuphaldt This book is published under the terms and conditions of the Design Science License. These terms and conditions allow for free copying‚ distribution‚ and/or modification of this document by the general public. The full Design Science License text is included in the last chapter. As an open
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CHAPTER 7 HAZARD MITIGATION This chapter will explain what hazard mitigation is‚ and how it fits in with the other phases of emergency management. Next‚ the chapter will describe the most widely used mitigation strategies and the ways they are applied to the most common types of environmental hazards. The following section will describe the legal basis for hazard mitigation as it stands in the United States today. Problems in the adoption and implementation of mitigation policies will be described
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