international lingua franca English speakers in the world including those who are in the inner circle‚ outer circle and expanding circle had reached to 380 millions of people since 2001. The finding shows how influential English Language is. Gradually‚ English become the international lingua franca‚ “utilized outside of the country or countries of its origin.”( Subject Area - English Language Essays) The Lingua Franca There are both pros and cons of English becoming the international lingua franca.
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ENGLISH AS A LINGUA FRANCA AND SOME IMPLICATIONS FOR ENGLISH TEACHERS Penny Ur TESOL France Colloquium 2009 Initial Concepts and Assumptions Probably between two and three billion people speak English. These may be defined according to Kachru’s three circles: inner‚ outer‚ expanding (Kachru‚ 1992). expanding circle outer circle inner circle Kachru‚ 1985 Probably between two and three billion people speak English. These may be divided into Kachru’s three circles: inner‚ outer
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My experience of learning to Read and Write in Thai as arterial language and English as lingua franca Atthaporn Youngyoo 55074327 Weekend Program Naresuan University MY EXPERIENCE OF LEARNING TO READ AND WRITE IN THAI AS ARTERIAL LANGUAGE AND ENGLISH AS LINGUA FRANCA True confession “15 pages for you to write about your experience of learning second language” I never thought it would end up like this. At first I thought “May be‚ Dr.Pongsakorn just kidding and may be
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have chosen to describe the concepts of dialect‚ context of situation‚ native speaker and lingua franca with regards to the local context in my discussion. Dialect In Singapore‚ the racial groups are categorized into their ‘dialect groups’‚ meaning their ‘ethnic’ groups. It is stated that “every Singaporean has an officially allocated ‘dialect group’ which normally corresponds to the paternal ancestral language‚ but does not necessarily to anything in the individual’s personal experience” (English
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Language attitude patterns of Nigerians Introduction According to longman’s English dictionary‚ language is a system of communication by writing or spoken words which is used by the people of a particular country or area. Another source says‚ the method of human communication‚ either in spoken or written consisting of worlanguage is the human capacity ofds in a structured and conventional way. Language is the human capacity of acquiring and using complex system of communication. In the generative
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INTRODUCTION Nigeria is a multi-ethnic nation with various cultural groups that are about three hundred in number. In 1947‚ Nigeria was not yet a nation. Nigeria now has been a multi-national society‚ one of the sociological problems of building Nigeria as a nation is multi-ethnicity with its concomitants such as multilingualism and completive ethnicity. There were varieties of lines which existed between the various states and people which were the predecessors of modern Nigeria. But on the other
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stability in Nigeria’s fourth republic (1999-2011) INTRODUCTION Background to the Study Basically‚ Nigeria is a plural society and heterogeneous in virtually all the facet of life. The custom and tradition of Nigerians is so diverse to the extent that Nigeria as a country is now confronted with the problem of religion and ethnicity towards their political stability. The origin and history of ethnic conflict (societal wars and violence) can be traced from eternal (internal) state rivalry to external
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March 7‚ 2013 Should Singles Adopt? Imagine being a single person with no capabilities of bearing a child. The single life eventually becomes boring‚ so you weigh the options and decide that you want to adopt a child. This will be a momentous moment in your life; you start shopping for the child’s new clothes‚ furniture‚ and prepare your home for this new addition. Now‚ imagine someone telling you that you should not be allowed to adopt just because of your relationship status. You underwent
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of things to come? Some basic questions about English as a lingua franca Introduction: ’English ’ as a global lingua franca ’English ’‚ whatever may be meant by this designation‚ is the language in which most lingua franca communication worldwide is now taking place. This predominance is well documented (cf. e.g. Crystal 1997‚ Graddol 1997). Although‚ as these authors argue‚ this predominance may well turn out to be a temporary one‚ maybe for approximately the next 50 years‚ for the time being
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Arft WJP" One L&nguaggOne Nation 1"*it’$" ..! jnJt’ - \riitt n;f< \r’"-.(‚‚’’ " Robert Kingis rheauthorofthe shot article"shouldtsnglish the Law?"thatllrst appearcd Be in in lqg7. He servedasdeanof Liberal Afls ar the University of Texasat Austin. he Arlanric Morrrt The pie€eis aboutthe controvemy ovff makingEnglish the nationallanguage. ThoughKing believes ofthe U.S. will cieatepolitical upheavals believeswe and that makingErylish the official language his needto be tolerantof
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