Nerve Physiology Cells in the Nervous System * Two types * Nerve cell or neurons * Glial cells or neuroglia Neurons * Functional unit of nervous system * Have anatomically and physiologically specialized for communication and signaling * Neurocrene * 10 billion neurons in nervous system * Once they degenerate they don’t usually go REGENERATION Neuroglia * Nerve glue * Supportive cells * 10x greater of your neurons * Not involve in impulse
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12 cranial nerves I Olfactory 2. Optic 3 oculomotor 4 trochlear 5 trigeminal 6 abducens 7 facial 8 vestibulocochlear 9 glassopharygeal 10 Vegas 11 accessory 12 hypoglossal The 12 cranial nerves Oh Oh Oh To Touch And Feel Very Green Vegetables Ah Ha J J J J J J J J J J J J J H J J J J J J N N N N N J J J J J J J J J N J J J J
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Adaptations Living organisms need a supply of materials from their surroundings and from other living things so they can survive and reproduce successfully. What they need depends on the type of organism: 1) Plants need light‚ carbon dioxide‚ water‚ oxygen and nutrients to produce glucose energy in order to survive.
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Cranial Nerves The brain and spinal cord (CNS) are connected to parts of the body by nerves and cell bodies called the peripheral nervous system. The PNS contains all of the nervous tissue outside the brain and spinal cord. Afferent (sensory) nerve fibers-conduct nerve impulses toward the CNS Efferent (motor) nerve fibers-conduct nerve pulses away Sensory Somatic System – Carries nerve impulses from the senses to the CNS and also carries the impulses to the skeletal muscles and glands
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Trigeminal nerve The trigeminal nerve is the fifth of twelve pairs of cranial nerves enervating the face and head‚ and is denoted by the Roman Numeral V. It has three divisions which enervate the forehead and eye (ophthalmic V1)‚ cheek (maxillary V2) and lower face and jaw (mandibular V3). The trigeminal nerves function in sensing facial touch‚ pain and temperature‚ as well as controlling muscles used for chewing. The trigeminal nerve functions should be distinguished from the facial nerve (cranial
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important ions help regulate homeostasis in our bodies‚ as well as allowing us to move‚ absorb food‚ heal‚ and reproduce. Understanding how these ions work within our bodies will allow us to comprehend the physiology behind muscle contraction‚ nerve signaling and cell signaling. Upon learning about calcium‚ we already briefly know how
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Specialization in Trade 1. a) A country is said to have an absolute advantage in the production of a good if it can produce it using fewer resources than another country. On the other hand‚ a country is said to have a comparative advantage in the production of a good if it can produce the good at a lower opportunity cost than another country b) The theory of comparative advantage suggests that even though one country is “better” at producing both goods (concerning two countries)‚ these countries
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The nerve impulse The information is transmitted by polarity changes in the membranes of cells due to the presence of neurotransmitters that alter the ionic concentration inside the cell. Moreover‚ inside the neuron proteins and ions are negatively charged . This difference in ion concentration also produces a potential difference between the outer membrane and within the cell . The value reached is about -70 millivolts (negative inside with respect to the value of positive charges outside
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Copyright © 2013 Edmentum - All rights reserved. Adaptations 1. If you were to genetically engineer soybeans‚ which change would be most useful for farmers bothered by leafmunching bugs? A. physiological‚ faster plant growth B. physiological‚ addition of a bitter taste to the plant ’s leaves C. structural‚ increased leaf cuticle thickness D. structural‚ change in leaf color 2. An animal that lives in a desert biome will most likely have adaptations that help the animal to A. insulate its body. B.
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Animal Adaptations -- Vocabulary Adaptation A body part‚ body covering‚ or behavior that helps an animal survive in its environment. Behavior The actions of an animal. Camouflage A color or shape in an animal’s body covering that helps it blend into its environment. Environment Everything that surrounds and affects a living thing. The environment includes non-living things‚ such as water and air‚ as well as other living things. Habitat The place where an animal lives. The physical characteristics
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