Mathematical Models for Estimating Damages Due to Natural Disasters in the Philippines A thesis proposal submitted to Dr. EFREN S. CONSEMINO in partial fulfillment of the requirement in Fundamental of Research ( Edu 51) Submitted by: Perla V. Cruzada Joe Rico B. Ducay Ralph Laurence S. Manubay Maribeth B. Maraya March‚ 2014 CHAPTER 1 The Problem and Its Background Introduction Philippines is situated in the world’s hazard belts and are subject to floods‚ droughts
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exaggerated): 1. Large magma chamber2. Bedrock3. Conduit (pipe)4. Base5. Sill6. Dike7. Layers of ash emitted by the volcano8. Flank 9. Layers of lava emitted by the volcano10. Throat11. Parasitic cone12. Lava flow13. Vent14. Crater15. Ash cloud Why do volcanoes erupt? Hot melted rocks collect under the Earth’s surface and when the pressure becomes too hard‚ the Earth’s skin breaks‚ and a volcano erupts. The melted rock inside the Earth is called magma‚ but when it comes out in an eruption‚ it is called
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Volcanoes A volcano is an opening‚ or rupture‚ in the surface or crust of the Earth or a planetary mass object‚ which allows hot lava‚ volcanic ash and gases to escape from the magma chamber below the surface. The word volcano is derived from the name of Volcano‚ a volcanic island in the Aeolian Islands of Italy whose name in turn originates from Vulcan‚ the name of a god of fire in Roman mythology. The study of volcanoes is called volcanology. Divergent plate boundaries: At the mid-oceanic ridges
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Introduction A volcano is an opening‚ or rupture‚ in a planet’s surface or crust‚ which allows hot magma‚ volcanic ash and gases to escape from the magma chamber below the surface. How is a volcano formed? Most volcanoes are formed by the movement of tectonic plates on the surface of the earth. These plates are basically huge pieces of rock that ‘float’ on the mantle (a layer of the earth that is sort-of liquid rock). The tectonic plates are in constant motion‚ albeit very slow motion. They sometimes
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WHO collaborating Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters - CRED Annual Disaster Statistical Review 2010 The numbers and trends Debby Guha-Sapir‚ Femke Vos‚ Regina Below with Sylvain Ponserre Annual Disaster Statistical Review 2010 The numbers and trends Debby Guha-Sapir Femke Vos Regina Below with Sylvain Ponserre (UNISDR) Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED) Université catholique de Louvain – Brussels‚ Belgium Acknowledgements The data upon which this report
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VOLCANOES Most people have never seen a real volcano but have learned about them through movies or books. So when most people think of a volcano‚ they usually conjure up the Hollywood version: a huge‚ menacing conical mountain that explodes and spews out masses of lava which falls on rampaging dinosaurs‚ screaming cave people‚ or fleeing mobs of betogaed Romans - depending on their favorite volcano disaster movie. While those types of volcanoes do indeed exist‚ they represent only one "species"
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Management Course Case Study # 02 Worksheet NATURAL DISASTERS AND THE DECISIONS THAT FOLLOW Version 1.0: 21 Jun 2013 Presented by: Hossam Bashir I. Problem Definition: * Natural disasters such as hurricane‚ winter snowstorms and summer thunderstorms have many effects on countries’ different industries such as Insurance and Airlines companies. Also‚ how the organizations manage these disasters and the decisions that may follow these disasters have serious effects on customers and so
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VOLCANOES Volcanoes are pressure valves that release energy from deep within the Earth.Beautiful and powerful‚awe-insipiring and deadly‚they are spectacular reminders of the dynamic forces that shape our planet. Volcano - a fissure or vent through
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Volcanoes Of the many natural forces which have defined the Western United States and Canada‚ volcanoes are among the most dramatic. Five of these natural wonders find their homes in National Parks‚ ranging from Hawaii to British Columbia. Their eruptions occur on mountains on the Ring of Fire‚ when one portion of the earth’s crust slides beneath another‚ and melts under high heat and pressure. Magma erupts from beneath the surface and cause lakebeds‚ mountain peaks and huge boulders.
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IMPACT OF NATURAL DISASTERS ON GDP (RELATE TO THE GDP METHOD USED) Due to rising population‚ climate changes and environmental degradation‚ natural disasters is increasing in frequency. There are several factors which affect a country’s vulnerability to natural disasters; its geographic size‚ the type of disasters‚ the strength and structure of its economy and prevailing socioeconomic situation. Japan uses the expenditure method to measure national income. The expenditure include personal consumption
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