Maximizing Profits in Market Structures The subject matter of competitive markets can be complex with many extraneous details that can make all the difference between being a perfect competition‚ monopolistic competition‚ a monopoly‚ or an oligopoly. Each of these types of markets have specific characteristics and economic market effects that include entry barriers‚ price and output determination to produce the most profits for any given business or company. Even though these differences may
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services to the buyer in exchange of money. There has to be more than one buyer and seller for the market to be competitive. Monopoly - Monopoly is a condition where there is a single seller and many buyers at the market place. In such a condition‚ the seller has a monopoly with no competition from others and has complete control over the products and services. In a monopoly market‚ the seller decides the price of the product or service and can change it on his own. Monopsony - A market form where
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|Perfect competition |Monopoly |Monopolistic competition |Oligopoly | |Example organization |General Mills-Green Giant |In south west Florida the power company |Charmin |Chevrolet | | | |FPL is a monopoly. |
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together act as a monopoly. Collaboration When two or more oligopolies agree to fix prices or take part in anti-competitive behavior‚ they form a collusive oligopoly. They agreement can be formal or informal. A formal agreement is a cartel and is generally illegal. OPEC is a legal cartel but it’s signed between countries and not firms. In an informal agreement‚ the firms behave as a monopoly and choose the output that maximizes output. The diagram would be like the monopoly profit maximizer
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different technology and costs gy • information • demand conditions‚ etc. These differences have an impact on the choices made by firms. According to different conditions‚ we will look at the following market structures: • Perfect competition • Monopoly • Monopolistic competition • Oligopoly Managerial Economics / Carlos Almeida Andrade Carlos Almeida Andrade 2013/14 Managerial Economics: Market Structures Part 1 Perfect Competition Main conditions for a perfect competitive market:
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operate under a monopoly which gives them an edge or a corner on the market. In this discussion we will focus on the differences between a monopoly‚ oligopoly‚ and a cartel. We will also look at what game theory is and its affect on monopolies and cartels and the welfare affect of each of the above mentioned. A monopoly is defined as‚ "sole control of a particular line of goods or services in a given market or the means to control distribution and price."(Webster ’s‚ 2000) In a monopoly situation there
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14 1. 4 main types of market structure based on number of firms in the industry and product differentiation: perfect competition‚ monopoly‚ oligopoly‚ and monopolistic competition. 2. A monopolist is a producer who is the sole supplier of a good without close substitutes. An industry controlled by a monopolist is a monopoly. 3. The key difference between a monopoly and a perfectly competitive industry is that an individual‚ perfectly competitive firm faces a horizontal demand curve but a monopolist
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5 firm concentration ratio of 65% means that the 5 largest firms have more 65% of market sales. If the concentration ratio increased‚ then 1 or 2 firms may start to dominate the market and the firms will be able to exercise Monopoly power. (in UK legal definition of a monopoly is a firm with more than 25%) This is likely to cause many different types of inefficiencies In the above diagram the firm maximises profit where MR=MC at output Qm. This output is allocative inefficient because P > MC.
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FORMS OF INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION Forms of Industrial Organization Forms of Industrial Organization Introduction According to McConnell and Brue “Economists group industries into four distinct market structures: pure competition‚ pure monopoly‚ monopolistic competition‚ and oligopoly. These four market models differ in several respects: the number of firms in the industry‚ whether those firms produce a standardized product or try to differentiate their products from those of other firms
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and into the United States. 3. Explain & give examples of a Monopoly A monopoly is a market structure in which there is only a single seller of a good‚ service‚ or resource. Pure monopolies are very rare in the United States‚ but there are some forms of monopolies across the country. Many government regulated public utilities are monopolized by the government. Many people believe that Major League Baseball is a monopoly because they are the only organization serving baseball fans nationwide
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