Cigarette Taxes The interest in cigarette taxes and their effects have been a hot topic in relation to the economy for the past 20 years. People question whether or not increased taxes really affect the demand. Do the taxes cause effects other than a change in demand? Who does this ultimately effect‚ the rich or poor? Where does the money go? So why does the government decide to impose higher cigarette taxes? They do this for two main reasons. One reason
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Q 1. Cigarettes are often cited in economics texts as an example of a particular type of market failure. Identify that market failure‚ and illustrate the failure using an appropriate diagram. Ans. Cigarettes represents a market failure of externatilities. They are sited as negative externality as they affect the wellbeing of the bystander and the person neither pays nor receives any compensation for that negative effect. A smoker enjoys the puff of the smoke and the bystander inhales the fumes
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• “Sin taxes” on cigarettes and alcohol are designed to boost revenue‚ not improve public health • Minimum alcohol pricing will exacerbate poverty and entrench inequality without discouraging binge drinking • Most of the costs of drinking and smoking fall on individual consumers‚ not the public. There is no economic justification for increasing taxes on smokers and drinkers. In a report released today‚ The Wages of Sin Taxes (Download PDF) by Christopher Snowdon‚ the Adam Smith Institute condemns
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sidesteps state income taxes on some of those gains. California’s corporate tax rate is 8.84 percent. Nevada’s? Zero. Setting up an office in Reno is just one of many legal methods Apple uses to reduce its worldwide tax bill by billions of dollars each year. As it has in Nevada‚ Apple has created subsidiaries in low-tax places like Ireland‚ the Netherlands‚ Luxembourg and the British Virgin Islands — some little more than a letterbox or an anonymous office — that help cut the taxes it pays around the
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Different Types of Taxes The tax payable should be concurrent and equitable as per the ability of an individual or households to pay. This is called the taxable capacity. Tax is the only source of government for revenue generation. Governments finance their all expenses through taxes. Those expenses include‚ To finance defense expense To finance development work and to carry on social welfare To finance administrative expenses Despite that trade driven expenses like budget deficit
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Question 1) With examples give 5 reasons why the study of microeconomics is important. Microeconomics is a field of economic study that focuses on how an individual ’s behaviour and decisions affect the supply and demand for goods and services. For the purpose of microeconomics‚ the actions of individuals‚ households and businesses are crucial‚ unlike the study of macroeconomics‚ which focuses on national and international economic trends. Despite the differences between the two fields‚ however
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Toniloba Opasanya L6SR Types of Taxes A pie chart showing the projected constituents of United Kingdom taxation receipts for the tax year 2008-2009‚ according to the 2008 Budget. This is the pie chart showing the projected constituents of the United Kingdom taxation revenue for 2010-2011 Income Tax Income tax forms the single largest source of revenues collected by the government (followed by national insurance contributions‚ an additional levy on incomes at around 20%). Each person has
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The notion of “fairness” is often the justification given for the government intervention in the market. Do you agree or disagree. 1.0 Introduction Fairness in the market can be defined as the equally distribution in the proportion of economic pie to every party. In the past‚ the economic prosperity is not uniformly allocated among the members of society. The wealthier will have a larger proportion of the economic pie whereas the poorer parties will only occupy a smaller part of the economic
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Microeconomics (from Greek prefix mikro- meaning "small" and economics) is a branch of economics that studies the behavior of individuals and small impacting players in making decisions on the allocation of limited resources (see scarcity).[1] Typically‚ it applies to markets where goods or services are bought and sold. Microeconomics examines how these decisions and behaviors affect the supply and demand for goods and services‚ which determines prices‚ and how prices‚ in turn‚ determine the quantity
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whether each of the following statements applies to microeconomics or macroeconomics‚ and why: 12 Marks Total a. The unemployment rate in Canada was 7.0 percent in January 2010 Answer: This is the macroeconomic statement because it describes the unemployment rate of the whole country. b. A Canadian software firm discharged 15 workers last month and transferred the work to India. Answer: This is the microeconomic statement because it focuses in an individual Canadian
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