FRQ #3 a) The flow of genetic information from DNA to protein in eukaryotic cells is called the central dogma of biology. The role of RNA in protein synthesis is extremely important as protein synthesis could not occur without RNA. Three forms of RNA exist solely to create proteins. Through a process known as translation‚ RNA constructs the proteins necessary to sustain life. Spliceosomes Process pre-mRNA by splicing out intronic nucleic acids producing mRNA which is then translated to protein
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living too‚ because they have chemical bonds of RNA‚ which is the singular shorter form of DNA. There is evidence that viruses change with different hosts‚ but they are generally considered non-living. They are much smaller chemical chains (with some form of movement and reproduction) and do not come from cells through reproduction. They come from cells by ’hijacking’ normal cells and inserting their small chemical chains into the cells’ DNA or RNA. The cells and all its organic machines change to
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New cells arise by division of existing cells Cell division occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells by mitosis and meiosis Replacement of the entire lining of your small intestine Liver cells only divide for repairing Nerve cells do not divide Chromosomes Long and thin for replication and decoding Become short and fat prior mitosis → easier to separate due to compact form Meiosis (reduction division) During the production of sex cells (gametes) in animals In spore formation which precedes
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The Giver is a highly influential book written bu Lois Lowry. It is science fiction‚ with a theme of the past and connection. In a world where there are no feelings‚ no choice and no pain‚ the main character Jonas who is twelve struggles to find his place in the small community. He was "assigned" the job as Receiver of Memory. (yes‚ jobs were chosen) Unaware of what dark secrets lie beneath his perfect utopia of a world‚ he is suddenly plunged into the past‚ exposed to all the memories‚ back and
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of molecular inheritance. It states that DNA makes RNA‚ which makes protein. Genes control the traits by controlling which proteins are made. The process of Central Dogma of Molecular Biology is when DNA transcripts into RNA and then translates into protein. Transcription is the transfer of genetic information from DNA forming into RNA. The differences between DNA and RNA are the sugar that’s in DNA which is called deoxyribose and ribose for RNA which does not have sugar. When DNA replication begins
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structure of a nucleotide One type of nucleic acid is the ribonucleic acid (RNA). The RNA is single-stranded used for the coding of the primary sequence of amino acids to make proteins‚ and is found mainly in the cytoplasm. In terms of structure‚ its distinguishing characteristic is that‚ from its name‚ ribonucleic acid indicates the presence of ribose‚ a cyclic monosaccharide with an aldehyde functional group. Furthermore‚ RNA can also be differentiated from other nucleic acids in terms of organic or
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nucleotides are the monomers of DNA RNA Nucleotide [pic] The left picture shows the nucleotide unit of RNA. Nucleotides differ from nucleosides in that they have phosphate groups. Nucleotides can exist in the mono-‚ di-‚ or tri-phosphorylated forms. The most common site of phosphorylation of nucleotides found in cells is the hydroxyl group attached to the 5’-carbon of the ribose. Nucleotide units line up forming the backbone of RNA / DNA. 1A. Typical DNA Molecule
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acid. Some other types are RNA‚ mRNA‚ and tRNA. All of these "NAs" work together to help cells replicate and build proteins. NA? Hold on. Might that stand for nucleic acid? It might While you probably don’t have to remember the full words right now‚ we should tell you that DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. RNA stands for ribonucleic acid. The mRNA and tRNA are messenger RNA and transfer RNA‚ respectively. You may even hear about rRNA which stands for ribosomal RNA. They are called nucleic acids
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Relationship and biodiversity Introduction Botana curus is a valuable plant because it produces Curol‚ a compound used for treating certain kinds of cancer. Curol cannot be produced in the laboratory. Botana Curus grows very slowly and is on the endangered species list‚ so its ability to provide Curol in large quantities is limited. Species that are more closely related to Botana curus are more likely to produce the important substance Curol. Three similar plant species that are plentiful (X
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phage injects its DNA into the bacterium‚ the phage DNA directs the host cell to make more phage DNA‚ The cell lyses and releases the new phages DNA structure (10.2) DNA structure is double helix DNA vs. RNA (10.2) DNA is deoxyribose while RNA is sugar ribose and RNA has the base Uracil instead of Thymine 4 nitrogenous bases & base pairing (10.2) A pairs with T‚ forming two hydrogen bonds‚ and G pairs with C‚ forming three hydrogen bonds. Watson‚ Crick‚ Franklin‚ Wilkins
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