will contract Muscle Fibers Extrafusal - impulses from brain cause chemical reaction producing a collapse of cross-bridges allowing actin and myosin to slide - Contraction Intrafusal - muscle spindles information changes in length and tension. Reflex action in response to a stretch on a muscle‚ a stronger contraction to reduce the stretch Muscle Contraction Action potential - electrical current to the muscle fibers (sarcolemma) Release of acetylcholine causes excitation of the sarcolemma (Baechle
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been a trend within mammalian evolution towards colonization of land‚ however in some instances this trend has been reversed; there are three large orders of mammals that have separately re-adapted to marine life‚ the Cetacea (whales‚ dolphins and porpoises)‚ the Pinnipedia (seals‚ sea lions and walruses)‚ and the Sirenia (dugongs‚ sea cows and manatees). This “re-adaptation” is most extreme in the cetaceans which have evolved a totally fish-like form‚ masking their true mammalian ancestry (Coffey‚
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Chapter 4 Study Guide 1. What are the two main functions of the sympathetic nervous system? (A) Activating system that arouses the body‚ mobilizing its energy in stressful situations – fight/flight (B) Regulates strong emotional reactions 2. What are the two main functions of the parasympathetic NS? “Rest and Digest‚” Calming system that conserves energy. 3. How do the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems work together (what are some images and metaphors used to describe them)?
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Topic: Types of Hybrid Animals General Purpose: To Inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the hybrid animals. Central Idea: There are three types of hybrid animals such as avian hybrid‚ mammalian hybrid‚ and reptilian hybrid. Introduction I. The phrase “hybrid animal” refers to a crossbreeding process of two different animals species. II. Many people do not believe that this kind of animal do exist. III. Hybrid animals are unique species that not like the other animals. Connective
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Principles of Life Hillis • Sadava • Heller • Price Test Bank Chapter 37: Gas Exchange in Animals TEST BANK QUESTIONS (By Paul Nolan) Multiple Choice 1. If you were atop Mt. Everest‚ how many cubic meters of air would you need to breathe in order to gain the same number of oxygen molecules that you would gain from one cubic meter of air at sea level? a. 2 b. 3 c. 5 d. 9 e. 10 Answer: b Textbook Reference: 37.0 Introduction Page: 729 Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying 2.
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away. It also shows the human habit of denial‚ where all the boys including Ralph completely deny any part in the killing. In the book‚ Simon is shown to be a true unsung martyr. The littluns in the book resemble the common man in society and his reflex reaction to conform‚ whereas the other bigguns resemble the followers and tails of the leaders. A biggun who distinctly stands out is Roger‚ he acts as second in command to Jack and it is he who is responsible for Piggy’s death. All the boys fight
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Campbell’s AP Biology Notes Chapter 48: Nervous Systems Command and Control Center * The human brain contains an estimated 100 billion nerve cells‚ or neurons * Each neuron my communicate with thousands of other neurons * Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a technology that can reconstruct a 3-D map of brain activity * The results of brain imaging and other research methods reveal that groups of neurons function in specialized circuits dedicated to different tasks
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interpreting constructed cladograms. A cladogram of five mammalian species include domestic dog (canis familiaris)‚ the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana)‚ the domestic horse (Equus caballus)‚ the domestic cat (Felis cattus) and the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianusis is generated based on the morphological feathers of these mammalian species’ skulls and other anatomical and physiological characteristics. The cladogram of five mammalian species rejects the null hypothesis since these species
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References: Carroll‚ R. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. W.H. Freeman and Co.‚ New York Gingerich‚ P.D. 1977. Patterns of Evolution in the Mammalian Fossil Record. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co. Gingerich‚ P.D. 1985. Species in the Fossil Record: Concepts‚ Trends‚ and Transitions. Paleobiology. Rowe‚ T. 1988. Definition‚ Diagnosis‚ and Origin of Mammalia. J. Vert. Paleontology.
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* GROUP 2: Elrey Joseph Calitis Mae Anjneth Cuaton How Atrial Tachycardia happens? Electrical signals in the heart’s upper chambers fire abnormally‚ which interferes with electrical signals coming from the sinoatrial (SA) node --- the heart’s natural pacemaker. A series of early beats in the atria speeds up the heart rate. The rapid heartbeat does not allow enough time for the heart to fill before it contracts so blood flow to the rest of the body is compromised. Video Presentation
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