Wuchereria bancrofti is a human parasitic roundworm that is the major cause of lymphatic filariasis. Wuchereria bancrofti‚ Brugia malayi and B. timori are the three filarial species cause lymphatic filariasis. They are spread by a mosquito vector and human is the definitive host. In lymphatic filariasis‚ repeated episodes of inflammation and lymphedema lead to lymphatic damage‚ chronic swelling‚ and elephantiasis of the legs‚ arms‚ scrotum‚ vulva‚ and breasts . Epidemiology W. bancrofti occurs in
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Anemia ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to briefly describe the initial core diagnostic questioning and core set of diagnostic testing related to the patient presenting with anemia. Subjective information and recommended testing are written with consideration of the scope of practice of the family nurse practitioner. In addition‚ three specific case studies are examined. Anemia Core set of subjective questions The healthcare provider should initially obtain a history of any previous
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malignant melanoma. Skin examination showed an 8 mm × 10 mm irregularly shaped two-toned brown papule with ill-defined light brown to pink medial and lower borders‚ and a dark-brown central area localized to the calf of the left leg. There was no lymphadenopathy. The remainder of the physical examination and review of systems were unremarkable. Fig. 1 A brown two tone lesion present on the posterior surface of the right leg [ CLOSE WINDOW ] Figure 1. A two-toned brown papule on the left calf Epidemiology
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lymph hubs make more contamination battling white platelets‚ which can bring about swelling. The swollen hubs can infrequently be felt in the neck‚ underarms and crotch‚ as per the NLM. Lymphadenopathy is typically brought on by contamination‚ irritation‚ or growth. Contaminations that bring about lymphadenopathy incorporate bacterial diseases‚ for example‚ strep throat‚ privately tainted skin wounds‚ or viral contaminations‚ for example‚ mononucleosis or HIV disease‚ Hamrick expressed. "The amplification
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Many viruses‚ including retroviruses‚ are characterized by their specific cell tropism1–3. Lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) is a human lymphotropic retrovirus isolated from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or related syndromes4‚5‚ that displays selective tropism for a subset of T lymphocytes defined by the expression of a surface glycoprotein of relative molecular mass 62‚000 (62K) termed T4 (refs 6–8). This glycoprotein delineates a subset of T lymphocytes with mainly
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Syphilis Caitlin Evans Roane State Community College Abstract What comes to your mind when you hear the word Syphilis? It’s a sexually transmitted disease; it is only transmitted while having sex; once you have it you will always have it‚ etc. While most of these answers are true‚ there are multiple ways of transmission. Syphilis occurs in four different stages: the primary‚ secondary‚ latent‚ and tertiary stage. Each stage effects the oral cavity and body in different ways. Congenital
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or ecchymoses. HEENT: Sclera white‚ conjunctiva pink. Tympanic membranes with good cone of light‚ no redness or bulging. Nasal mucosa pink‚ septum midline; no sinus tenderness. Pharynx without exudates or tonsillar swelling. Neck supple. No lymphadenopathy. Respiratory: Symmetric with good expansion. Breath sounds vesicular‚ equal/clear bilat. Cardiac: Apical impulse in 5th ics at left midclavicular line‚ no thrill. Crisp S1 and S2‚ not diminished or accentuated. No extra heart sounds or murmurs
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primary lesion(chancre) which the patient has widespread mucocutaneous lesions that spread to skin‚ liver‚ joints‚ muscle‚ lymph nodes and brain. Systematic symptoms include rash‚ mucocutaneous lesions in mouth/throat and is highly infectious‚ lymphadenopathy. Treatment Penicillin is the most effective therapy for all stages of syphilis. Doxycycline hyclate or tetracycline are alternative treatments for patients with a demonstrated allergy to penicillin. Pregnant patients who are allergic to penicillin
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infection? In the course of your answer explain terms such as adhesion molecules‚ diapedesis‚ chemotaxsis‚ opsonization‚ and phagocytosis. . Jason’s physician noted that Jason’s cervical lymph nodes were enlarged‚ a condition referred to as lymphadenopathy. Describe the structure and function(s) of lymph nodes‚ and list the other organs and tissues that comprise the lymphatic system. . Describe the anatomic location and function of tonsils. . What is the mechanism by which fever is induced
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HEMATOLOGY REVIEWER ANEMIA Anemia: decrease in the number of RBCs‚ Hb content‚ or Hct content below the lower limit of the normal range for the age and sex of the individual Pediatric Anemia A. Hemolytic Anemia: there is premature destruction of RBCs 1. Hereditary Spherocytosis: most common inherited abnormality of RBC membrane; defect in ankyrin‚ band 3 or spectrin proteins surface area deficiency leading to spherocytosis 2. Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency: defect in PKLR gene PK cannot convert phosphoenolpyruvate
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