Transfer Pricing in India 1. Introduction Increasing participation of multi-national groups in economic activities in India has given rise to new and complex issues emerging from transactions entered into between two or more enterprises belonging to the same group. Hence‚ it was pertinent to introduce a uniform and internationally accepted mechanism of determining reasonable‚ fair and equitable profits and tax in India in the case of such multinational enterprises. Accordingly‚ the Finance
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a a Greetings lnc.: Transfer Pricing Issues Developed by Thomas L. Zeller‚ Loyola University Chicago‚ and Paul D. Kimmel‚ U niv ersity of Wis consin-Milw aukee THE BUSINESS SITUATION Two years ago‚ prior to a major capital-budgeting decision (see Case 4)‚ Robert Burns‚ the president of Greetings Inc.‚ faced a challenging transfer pricing issue. He knew that Greetings store managers had heard about the ABC study (see Case 2) and that they knew a price increase for framed items would
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HEAT TRANSFER MECHANISMS Heat energy is being transferred from one location to another because of a temperature difference. The three mechanisms for heat transfer are: • Conduction. When you grip the hot handle of a pan on a stove‚ you feel conduction in action. Heat flows from the pan and along the length of the handle to its cooler free end. This is because one end of the rod is held at the high temperature‚ and the other end stays at the lower temperature. Although the rod itself doesn’t
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thick layer of insulation (ki = 0.085 W/m.K) and carrying a superheated steam at atmospheric pressure is suspended from the ceiling of a large room. The steam temperature entering the pipe is 120 oC‚ and the air temperature is 20 oC. The overall heat transfer coefficient on the outer surface of the covered pipe is 10 W/m2.K. if the velocity of the steam is 10 m/s‚ at what point along the pipe will the steam begin condensing and what distance will be required for the steam to reach a mean temperature
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Ji Gij qij i‚ Ji‚ Ai qij=(JiJj)/(1/AiFij) blackbody Ji=Ei(T) function of temperature Radiation network to find flux or potential 40 to 50 % ison radiation Heat exchanger U fouling factor will increase the resistance of heat transfer. how to include into the overall equation (mcp)h Th‚ in Tc‚ out (mcp)c Tc‚in You want to know the cooling effect energy conservation Q= {mcp(Th‚iTh‚o)}h ={mcp(Tc‚oTc‚i) }c Delta Tlm log mean difference Q=UA DTcm Q=HA Dt
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resistance R0 = 100 Ω at 0o C. If the resistance RT = 197.7 Ω in an oil bath‚ what is the temperature of the oil in the bath‚ given that RT = R0(1+αT)? Take R0 = 100 Ω R0 = resistance at 0o C α = 3.9083 x 10-3 /o C (2 marks) NDE Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer Exam 2008 Name: _______________________________________ Read all the instructions before starting Do not open this paper until instructed Time allowed: 2 hours (plus 5 minutes reading time) Attempt ALL question in Section A (questions 1 – 12) Attempt
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Conduction Through A Thick-Walled Tube This problem is important in the process industries‚ but we do need to make the distinction between thick and thin walled pipes. In general thin walled pipes can be considered by the previous analysis – but assuming that the pipe wall is effectively unwrapped so that it looks like a flat plate‚ with the process fluid on one side and the ambient condition on the other. The situation for thick pipes is‚ however‚ more complex. [pic] The figure shown above
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Technology transfer and knowledge transfer activities in Italy: a detailed analysis 1 Adriano La Vopa Marcello Puccini Phyl Speser Shiva Loccisano Luca Escoffier 1. 1.1 Tech transfer-knowledge transfer and best practices2 Introduction to tech transfer and knowledge transfer in the 21st century Humans are‚ according to the zoologists‚ animals. Like other animals‚ we need to eat‚ find shelter‚ and met our other physical needs to survive. All things being equal‚ completing the work
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and observe the concept of Heat Transfer‚ by measuring the temperature distribution for steady state conduction of energy through a specific efficient unit. • Understand the Fourier Law of heat conduction and the usage of its equation in determining the rate of heat flow via solid materials. II. Theory : The Fourier Rate Equation: When a plane section of ∆x and a constant area A maintains a temperature difference ∆T‚ then the heat transfer rate per unit time by conduction
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Abstract The objectives of the Unsteady State Heat Transfer laboratory were to study the rates of heat transfer for different materials of varying sizes‚ to develop an understanding of the concepts of forced and free convection and to determine the heat transfer coefficients for several rods. These objectives were met by heating several rods and allowing them to cool through free convection in air‚ free convection in water and forced convection in water- while monitoring their change in temperature
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