1. a. List four cell structures that were common to both plant and animal cells. (4 points) b. What structures were unique to plant cells? (2 points) c. What structures were unique to animal cells? (2 points)--Answer below: a. 1. Rough ER 2. Smooth ER 3. Golgi Apparatus 4. Nucleus b. 1. Chloroplast 2. Cell walls 3. Vacuole c.
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primary organelles in eukaryotic cells that involve in the transformation of energy‚ thus in production and consumption respectively. The chloroplast is an organelle present only in plant cells and some prokaryotes. At the same time they are absent in animal cells. It’s through the chloroplast that entry of energy to a cell takes place where sunlight is used to trap and convert carbon to sugar‚ which is basically chemical energy that is utilizable by plant cells. Meanwhile‚ the mitochondrion is
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Lipids are made up of carbon‚ hydrogen and oxygen (phospholipids also contain phosphate) and are found in a wide variety of organisms from bacteria to eukaryotes where they perform a wide variety of useful functions. This essay will expand on these functions to describe the role of lipids. There are several types of lipid including triglycerides‚ steroids‚ waxes and phospholipids. Triglycerides are made up of three fatty acids combined with glycerol by an ester linkage meaning they are predominantly
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control as exchange Main function of stomata : Allow enough C02 to enter the leaf to optimize photosynthesis‚ while conserving as much water as possible Structure of stomata * Each stomata consists of a stoma (minute pore) which are surrounded by 2 guard cells. * Stomata closes and opens according to the turgidity of the guard cells * Stomata also allows for cooling of the leaf by loss of water through transpiration to lower leaf temperature * Guard cells open and close to control
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The nucleolus (plural nucleoli) is a non-membrane bound structure. Composed of proteins and nucleic acids found within the nucleus. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is transcribed and assembled within the nucleolus. Three major components of the nucleolus are recognized: the fibrillar centers (FC)‚ the dense fibrillar components (DFC)‚ and granular components (GC). The DFC consists of newly transcribed rRNA bound to ribosomal proteins‚ while the GC‚ contains rRNA bound to ribosomal proteins that are beginning
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Plant Structure and Function Plant Body The unique organization of tissues in flowering plants is part of the reason why they are the dominant group of the plant kingdom. Monocots and Dicots Meristems Meristems – region of undifferentiated cells that can divide rapidly. Apical meristems – shoots and tip of roots (primary growth) Lateral meristems – thickening of the cambium (secondary growth) Plant Tissues Plant Tissues Xylem – conducts water and mineral ions; fluids can
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Procedure 1. Obtain 8 large paperclips‚ a ruler‚ and masking tape. 2. Bend paperclip to form a “U” or “V” shape so the ends are 1/2 centimeter apart. 3. Put masking tape across the “legs” of the paperclip to maintain the end distance of your caliper. Label the paperclip end distance on masking tape 4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 to make calipers with measurements of one‚ two‚ three‚ four and five cm. For wider distances‚ use sticky tape to hold an opened paperclip onto the zero mark of a
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Micrometre Millimetre 5 0.005 0.000005 1 1 1 3 7 0.5 3) When studying cells structure using a microscope the smallest unit of measurement commonly used to describe findings is the nanometre. Explain why. Magnification and Resolution 1) Define the following terms: Magnification: Resolution: 2) Visible light has a wavelength of 400-700 nm. Calculate the best resolution achievable with a light microscope? Show your working out: 3) If the electron gun produces an electron beam
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MEMBRANE PROTEINS determine the membrane’s function Many diff. types of protein in plasma membrane 2 types of proteins Peripheral proteins-loosely bound to surface‚ not embedded in bilayer Integral proteins-penetrate the hydrophobic core Integral Proteins Transmembrane proteins=integral proteins that span the membrane The hydrophobic regions of an integral protein consists of one or more sections of non-polar amino acids‚ often coiled in alpha functions of membrane proteins Transport Allow
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may expose you to splashes or sprays of blood or body fluids 2. Why should you consider a body fluid capable of infecting you with disease? o I think you should be aware and alert because its precaution to practice when youre working in a lab setting. 3. Describe how to dispose of waste material contaminated with body fluids. o You should dispose all waste material in the correct disposal area‚ and you can throw away the waste materials in the biohazard container. 4. Explain how to safely
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