Experiment: Preparation and Identification of Dibenzylidene Acetone Purpose: Prepare dibenzylidene acetone by the famous Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. Learn the experimental skills of organic synthesis‚ separation‚ purification‚ structural characterization by instrumental analysis. Train the ability to solve the practical problems. Principle: Aromatic aldehydes can have aldol reaction with aldehydes or ketones which have α-hydrogen atoms‚ dehydrate to form high yield of α‚β-unsaturated
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Use the knowledge of kinetics to explain each of the following statements. a. An increase in temperature at which a reaction takes place causes an increase in reaction rate . An increase in temperature means increasing the energy of the molecules present. If the molecules has more energy ‚ then more of the them will collide often with enough energy ‚ to overcome the activation energy barrier. causing the reaction to proceed more quickly. b.An addition of the catalyst increases the rate at which
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Experiment 4: Enzyme Kinetics. Results/Discussion Week 1 Part A: Table 1. Enzyme activity for each assay of 4-nitroaniline formation. Rate of 4-nitroaniline formation Name of trial Abs/sec Abs/min M/min mol/min µmol/min #1 0.00003 0.0018 2.05x10-7 2.15 x10-10 2.15 x10-4 # 2 0.00010 0.0060 6.81x10-7 7.15x10-10 7.15x10-4 # 3 0.00020 0.0120 1.36x10-6 1.43x10-9 1.43x10-3 # 4 0.00030 0.0180 2.00x10-6 2.10x10-9 2.10x10-3
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Chloroform‚ Acetone and Methanol) for sequential extraction. First of all plant materials were soaked in Hexane for 2-3 days with regular stirring. The mixture was then filtered by using Whatman No. 4 filter paper in to a glass beaker. 300ml of other solvent‚ Chloroform‚ was then added in the residue for 2-3 days. Similarly the mixture was filtered by using whatman No. 4 filter paper. After chloroform‚ Acetone and Methanol were added in residue for sequential extraction. Solvents; Hexane‚ Chloroform
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CHEM 1112 Kinetics of the Persulfate – iodide Clock Reaction The purpose of this experiment is to determine the rate law and the activation energy for the reaction between persulfate ion‚ S2O82-‚ and iodide ion‚ I-: S2O82-(aq) + 2 I-(aq) 2 SO42-(aq) + I2(aq) The rate law can be written as Reaction rate = (1) Where m and n are the orders with respect to S2O82- and I-‚ respectively‚ and k is the rate constant. Determining the rate law involves determining the values
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Kinetic and Thermodynamic Reaction Condition Brandon Bullock 2/10/15 Objective The purpose of this experiment is to test kinetic theory by running several reactions and determine which product are formed under kinetic conditions and which products are formed under thermodynamic conditions. Kinetically controlled products have low transition states. This makes it easy for the product to be formed at low temperatures
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WHAT IS TORQUE? Torque is a measure of how much a force acting on an object causes that object to rotate. The object rotates about an axis‚ which we will call the pivot point‚ and will label ’O ’. We will call the force ’F ’. The distance from the pivot point to the point where the force acts is called the moment arm‚ and is denoted by ’r ’. Note that this distance‚ ’r ’‚ is also a vector‚ and points from the axis of rotation to the point where the force acts. (Refer to Figure 1 for a pictoral
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Biology Computational Systems Biology Lecture 3: Enzyme kinetics Tue 17 Jan 2006 with the collaboration of Luna De Ferrari 1 Images from: D. L. Nelson‚ Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry‚ IV Edition‚ W. H. Freeman ed. A. Cornish-Bowden Fundamentals of Enzyme Kinetics‚ Portland Press‚ 2004 A. Cornish-Bowden Enzyme Kinetics‚ IRL Press‚ 1988 Computational Systems Biology Summary: • • • • • • 2 Simple enzyme kinetics Steady-state rate equations Reactions of two substrates
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Discussion Our experiment is divided into 9 parts: A. Effect of Nature of Reactants to the reaction rate. B. Effect of Temperature to the reaction C. Effect of Concentration to the Reaction Rate D. Effect of Catalyst to the Reaction Rate E. Chromate-Dichromate Equilibrium F. Thiocyanatoiron (III) Complex Ion Equilibrium G. Weak Acid Equilibrium (Ionization of Acetic Acid) H. Weak Base Equilibrium Ionization of Ammonia I. Saturated Salt (Sodium Chloride) Equilibrium On part (A) we are
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F7 Essay Writing (Kinetics) Q. Write an essay on factors which affect the rate of reactions and discuss the uses of kinetic studies. Outlines: (I) Factors affecting the Rate of Reaction (a) temperature ---- collision of molecules with different velocities and kinetic energies ---- Collision Theory and Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution ---- Arrhenius equation and Activation energy (b) concentration ---- frequency of collisions and effective collisions
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