THE SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY The idea of the social contract goes back‚ to Thomas Hobbes; John Locke‚ Jean-Jacques Rousseau‚ and Immanuel Kant developed it in different ways. After Kant the idea largely fell into disrepute until John Rawls resurrected it. It is now at the heart of the work of a number of moral and political philosophers. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contract the social contract theorists and their views on the origin of state. THOMAS HOBBES: (1588-1679) Background:
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The biggest difference between the views of Marx and Davis and Moore resides in the issue of the distribution of resources. While Marx believes that there is an inequality in the distribution of resources between the bourgeoisie and proletariat classes‚ Davis and Moore theorize that inequality has to happen so that the most important positions are filled by the most qualified. Marx perceives society made up as two classes‚ the powerful and exploitive higher class known as the bourgeoisie and the
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The social comparison theory proposes that people have a drive to determine their progress and standing within life and as a result they often seek out standards to which they compare themselves (Festinger‚ 1954). With 69% of internet users having a social media profile and spending approximately 12.5 hours per week on social media (Sensis‚ 2016)‚ Fardouly and colleagues have presented their theories on the role of social media on the body image of young women‚ with reference to their own research
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The Social Exchange Theory was created by researchers John W. Thibaut and Harold H. Kelley‚ was an attempt to everyday interpersonal relationships. This theory‚ with backgrounds in sociology and economics‚ appeals to so many because of it simple answers to human interaction and intentions. The social exchange theory is very rational and considers humans to be rational in every thought they make. It examines human behavior through costs and benefits of being in a particular relationship. The theory
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Founder of the theory The founders of the theory were Irwin Altman and Dalmas Taylor. Altman is a distinguished professor of psychology at the University of Utah whereby Taylor is a professor of psychology at the University of Texas‚ Arlington. Altman and Taylor developed this theory to provide an understanding of the closeness between two individuals. Apparently‚ social penetration is defined as a process that moves a relationship from non-intimate to intimate. The theory states that this
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Social Control Theory vs. Conflict Theory Chris Jones Utica College SOC-355-Z1 March 23‚ 2011 Prof. Social Control Theory vs. Conflict Theory Social Control Theory: The Social Bond theory was written and proposed by Travis Hirschi in 1969. Social Bond theory‚ that later developed into Social Control Theory‚ has historically been an interesting way of approaching social problems and how we in turn explain them. Before one can apply the Social Bond theory‚ they must first have a firm understanding
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Social Structure Theories Tamera Lawson CJ 102 Instructor John Wagner October 9‚ 2012 Social structure theories are theories that aim to describe criminal behavior. These theories have been used for years to decipher the many aspects that plan a hand in people committing various crimes. The three main theories are social disorganization theory‚ strain theory‚ and cultural deviance theory. Each theory is different in determining the factors that cause criminal
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The Concept Of Capitalism In Marx And Weber; What Is The Contemporary Relevance Of Their Ideas? Introduction: At the later nineteenth century many social and economical ideas were developed because of the past revolutions and the present conflict of individuals and organised assemblies. Capitalism‚ one of these ideas‚ leads bourgeoisie to dream of a capitalist society in order to advance their maintain lifestyle and gain wealth. This economic system which is dominated by private business and
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Social Constructivism is a theory of knowledge and the acquisition process involved (Serving History‚ 2010). The social constructivist theory was developed mainly to describe the way in which people come to describe and explain the world in which they live‚ including themselves (Gergen‚ 1985).The formation of the social constructivist theory is most often attributed to Jean Piaget. Piaget derived this theory by investigating the evolution of knowledge‚ though mainly scientific knowledge‚ by observing
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Angie Z. Tutorial Section: D115 December 6‚ 2010 Compare and contrast the ‘social contract theories’ of Thomas Hobbes and John Rawls. Which theory is more persuasive? Be sure to explain what Rawls means by ‘the original position‚’ and the ‘veil of ignorance‚’ and why those concepts do not figure in Hobbes’ theory. Social Contract Theory holds that the only consideration that makes actions right is that action is in accordance with an agreement made by the rational people for governing their
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