Therefore‚ polar aprotic solvents accelerate the rates of reaction‚ especially SN2 reactions‚ where the strength of the nucleophile determines the rate of reaction. As far as the reaction properties are concerned‚ nucleophilic attack by nitrogen on iodoethane yields N-ethylsaccharin‚ whereas nucleophilic attack by oxygen yields O-ethylsaccharin. The product can be either of these combination of both saccharin. Determining the final product may be difficult but there are some properties which are used
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Title: Reaction of Iodoethane with Sodium Saccharin- Ambient Nucleophile Dates Performed: February 21 + 28‚ 2013 Date Submitted: March 14‚ 2013 Abstract: The product ratio of N-ethylsaccharin to O-ethylsaccharin that occurred due to alkylation with iodoethane at 80 oC was determined to be 81.5% to 18.5%‚ respectively‚ based on an analysis of the 1H NMR spectrum that was collected. The melting point range of 87.8-94.7 oC also indicated that the mixture was largely composed of N-ethylsaccharin
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Discussion: In this experiment‚ we alkylate sodium saccharin to N-ethylsaccharin with iodoethane in an aprotic solvent N‚N dimethylformamide. Nucleophiles in this experiment will react better in an aprotic solvent. Aprotic solvents have dipoles due to its polar bonds but they do not have H atoms that can be donated into a H-bond. The anions which are the O- and N- of sodium saccharin are not solvated therefore are “naked” and the reaction is not inhibited and preceded in an accelerated rate.
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Ethanolic Silver Nitrate Solution. Label eleven small containers and place 0.1 mL or 100 mg of each of the following halides in the tubes: 1-chlorobutane‚ 2-chlorobutane‚ 2-chloro-2-methylpropane‚ 1-bromobutane‚ 2-bromobutane‚ 2-chloro-2butene‚ Iodoethane‚ 1-Chloroadamantane‚ Bromobenzene‚ 1-chloro-2-butene‚ 1-chloro-2-methylpropane. To each tube rapidly add 1mL of an 18% solution of sodium iodide in acetone. Repeat the procedure with 1% ethanolic silver nitrate solution. Data/Results: Name |
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ChemicalBook---Chemical Search Engine. N.p.‚ n.d. Web. 14 June. 2015. . "Diethyl ether." ChemicalBook---Chemical Search Engine. N.p.‚ n.d. Web. 14 June. 2015. . "Ethyldiisopropylamine." ChemicalBook---Chemical Search Engine. N.p.‚ n.d. Web. 14 June. 2015. . "Iodoethane." ChemicalBook---Chemical Search Engine. N.p.‚ n.d. Web. 14 June. 2015. . "Iodomethane CAS#: 74-88-4." Chemical Book. N.p.‚ n.d. Web. 14 June. 2015. . "TRIPROPYLAMINE (N‚N-DIPROPYL-1-PROPANAMINE)." CHEMICALLAND21. N.p.‚ n.d. Web. 14 June. 2015.
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Physical State Melting Point/°C Boiling Point/°C Fluoromethane CH3F Gas -142 -78 Chloromethane CH3Cl Gas -97 -24 Bromomethane CH3Br Gas -94 4 Iodomethane CH3I Liquid -67 42 Chloroethane CH3CH2 Gas -136 12 Bromoethane CH3CH2Br Liquid -118 39 Iodoethane CH3CH2I Liquid -108 72 Straight chain isomers have high boiling point compared to branching chain isomers due to lower intramolecular force Solubility in Water and Density All the haloalkanes are insoluble in water but there are soluble
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Procedure The procedure stated in Chem 2120 experiment 6 Williamson Ether Synthesis of Phenacetin laboratory manual was followed without any major changes. Data and results Compound Amount used MW (g/mol) Moles Stoichiometry/Comments acetaminophen 0.354 g 151.16 2.34 x 10-3 limiting reagent ethyl iodide 0.3mL 155.97 3.75 x 10-3 1.6 equiv ’s sodium ethoxide 2.6mL 68.05 3.3 x 10-2 catalyst‚ reaction solvent crude product obtained: phenacetin 0.32g
Free Chemical reaction Base Alcohol
L-6 MCQ (A) MCQs of the Textual Exercise 1) In haloalkane _________ bond is formed between carbon and halogen. (a) Ionic (b) van der Waals (c) Covalent (d) hydrogen 2) In haloarene compounds‚ halogen combines with carbon having which hybridization? (a) sp2 (b) sp3 (c) sp (d)dsp2 3) In haloalkane‚ carbon in C-X bond possesses which partial electric charge? (a) Charge less (b) positive (c) negative (d) anionic 4) Which of the following bonds is the strongest?
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Contents PART XV ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY Chapter 63 Detecting the presence of chemical species Action of heating solid sample strongly 1 Chapter 64 Separation and purification methods Centrifugation Sublimation Partition equilibrium of a solute between two immiscible solvents Two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography 2 2 3 6 Chapter 65 Quantitative methods of analysis Detection of end point in acid-alkali titration 8 Chapter 66 Instrumental analytical methods More
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Diploma Programme Chemistry data booklet First examinations 2009 Diploma Programme Chemistry data booklet First published March 2007 Revised edition published September 2008 International Baccalaureate Peterson House‚ Malthouse Avenue‚ Cardiff Gate Cardiff‚ Wales GB CF23 8GL United Kingdom Phone: +44 29 2054 7777 Fax: +44 29 2054 7778 Website: http://www.ibo.org © International Baccalaureate Organization 2008 The International Baccalaureate (IB) offers three high quality and
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