Title: Investigate the reactions of Group-2 elements. Objective: To be able to describe the redox reactions of Group-2 elements with oxygen and water To be able to identify trends of reactivity down the Group-2 Equipment required: 2 x250 cm3 beaker Funnel 2x boiling tubes Crucible tongs Calcium granules Magnesium ribbon Magnesium powder Spatula Universal Indicator Thermal mat Filter paper Safety: Wear eye protection. Magnesium and calcium are highly flammable. Calcium hydroxide
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with chemical reactions and/or physical transformations. A reaction may release or absorb energy‚ and a phase may change‚ such as in melting and boiling. Thermochemistry focuses on these energy changes‚ particularly on the system ’s energy exchange with its surroundings. In combination with entropy determinations‚ it is used to predict whether a reaction is spontaneous or non-spontaneous‚ favourable or unfavourable. Chemical reactions can be divided into two based on the energy changes that occur
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The effect of temperature on a reaction rate In this experiment I shall be investigating how temperature affects the rate of reaction Rates of reaction The Factors that affect the rate of reaction are temperature‚ surface area‚ concentration‚ catalysts‚ light and pressure Surface area – Surface area is the amount of solid surface that is available for reaction - Only affects solids so this will not affect our
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Enthalpy change‚ ΔH‚ is defined as the heat output of a system as it goes through a reaction under constant pressure. It is an important aspect of thermochemistry‚ which is the study of energy changes during a chemical or physical reaction . When we calculate enthalpy change‚ we always assume that the pressure is constant. We are able to calculate enthalpy change numerous ways‚ notably by the increase in heat‚ Q‚ given by an exothermic reaction or the heat absorbed by an endothermic reaction. To do
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Heat of Neutralization: Lab Report In part A of this lab I determined the heat capacity of a calorimeter made out of two Styrofoam cups nesting together with a cardboard top containing a hole in the middle. First I placed 50 mL of water in the calorimeter‚ waited five minutes for the water to reach equilibrium‚ and used the computer’s temperature instrument to record the final temperature of the system. Next I heated 50 mL of water in a 250 mL beaker until the water reached 43.1 C (approximately
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Enthalpy of Neutralization Introduction Energy changes always accompany chemical reactions. If energy‚ in the form of heat‚ is liberated the reaction is exothermic and if energy is absorbed the reaction is endothermic. Thermochemistry is concerned with the measurement of the amount of heat evolved or absorbed. The heat (or enthalpy) of neutralization (∆H) is the heat evolved when an acid and a base react to form a salt plus water. Eq. 1 HNO2(aq) + NAOH(aq) → NaNO2(aq) + H2O(l) + Q Q in the
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about the how‚ why‚ and the belief system to get a better understanding of what offenders are thinking. There have been many critics of rational choice theory in relation to neutralizations; however‚ neutralizations are strategies that are typically used by criminals to justify their actions. There has been five main neutralization techniques that I believe truly give us a better look into an offenders thoughts and decision in regards to crime (Maruna & Copes‚ 2005). First‚ to mention the five techniques
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EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON COMFORT LEVELS OF OLDER PEOPLE IN NURSING HOMES IN FLORIDA John Onyango1 & Angelica Tavarez 1 School of Architecture‚ University of Miami‚ USA‚ j.onyango@miami.edu 2 School of Architecture‚ University of Miami‚ USA‚ g.wang2@miami.edu Abstract It is estimated that temperature and humidity levels in Florida will increase on average by between 4° F and 11° F by 2080 due to effects of climate change. This will results in the characteristics of the indoor
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___________________ Date ___________________ NEUTRALIZATION TITRATIONS INTRODUCTION The neutralization of hydronium or hydroxide ion to form water is widely used as the basis for volumetric determinations of acids‚ bases and salts of weak acids. The reaction is characterized by a rapid change in pH near the equivalence point‚ a change that is readily detected by an acid-base indicator or that can be followed electrically by use of a pH meter. Neutralization titrations are performed with standard
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ACCENT NEUTRALIZATION OBJECTIVE The first reaction of all professionals whenever I used to mention the importance of Accent Neutralization was one of sarcasm and smirk When I interacted with these professionals at length‚ I found one point in common. They were technically very sound in their function. Moreover they were proven performers. But somewhere down the line‚ the growth stopped. They probably never realized this or probably did not sit down and introspect where they should have been
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