cash flow models: Dividend discount Free cash flow to the firm Residual income Multiples-based valuation: Price-earnings Value-EBITDA Value-EBIT Value-Sales Price-Book value Equity valuation In conjunction with the valuation of Coles Group‚ contained in “Excel03 Equity valuation” Real options valuation Equity markets price shares above the present value of expected future cash flows‚ due to the presence of embedded options not captured by DCF analysis Real options valuation is introduced
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Return on equity or return on capital is the ratio of net income of a business during a year to its stockholders’ equity during that year. It is a measure of profitability of stockholders’ investments. It shows net income as percentage of shareholder equity. Formula The formula to calculate return on equity is: ROE = Annual Net Income Average Stockholders’ Equity Net income is the after tax income whereas average shareholders’ equity is calculated by dividing the sum of shareholders’
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Ratio Analysis Name: Agbasimelo E. Ifeanyi Roll no: @00316215 Instructed by: David Wright PART A PAGE 1.1 Sales turnover index 4 1.2 Gross profit margin 4 1.3 Net profit margin 5 1.4 Return on capital employed 5 1.5 Current ratio 6 1.6 Acid test ratio 7 1.7 Interest cover ratio
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Nadarajan AC089637 3 Thayasiri Sumaran AC089676 4 Khesanivarni Balakrishnan AC089702 Table of Content Pages 1.0 Introduction 3 2.0 Company Background 4 3.0 Profitability Ratio 5-6 4.0 Liquidity Ratio 7-8 5.0 Efficiency Ratio 9-10 6.0 Gearing Ratio 11-12 7.0 Shareholder Ratio 13-14 8.0 Cash Flow 15 9.0 Conclusion 16 10.0 Reference 17 11.0 Appendix 18 1.0 INTRODUCTION British American Tobacco (informally BAT) is a British multinational tobacco
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INTERPRETATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Ways of interpreting financial statements - Using individual items contained in financial statement. - Using ratios computed from items contained in Financial Statement (Ratio analysis) Reasons for interpreting accounts Accounts have to be analyzed and interpreted for the following logical points (1) Evaluation of the trading performance of a firm in order to have a measure of the quality of management running it. (2) Appraisal and monitoring
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Australia’s foreign debt In recent years‚ Australia’s debt to the rest of the world has increased‚ and grew on average by 6.1% per year between June 1999 and June 2009‚ increasing from $15‚400 to $27‚900 in 2007-08. The growth in a country’s foreign debt can reflect several related influences. The value of its imports and other current payments to foreigners may exceed the value of its exports and other current receipts from foreigners‚ is this is the case then the nation experiences a deficit
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Financial ratio analysis A reading prepared by Pamela Peterson Drake OUTLINE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. Introduction Liquidity ratios Profitability ratios and activity ratios Financial leverage ratios Shareholder ratios Introduction As a manager‚ you may want to reward employees based on their performance. How do you know how well they have done? How can you determine what departments or divisions have performed well? As a lender‚ how do decide the borrower will be able to pay back as promised? As a
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Financial Reporting II Review of Ratio Analysis Ratio analysis is a useful tool for analyzing financial statements. Calculating ratios will aid in understanding the company’s strategy and in understanding its strengths and weaknesses relative to other companies and over time. They can sometimes be useful in identifying earnings management and in understanding the effect of accounting choices on the firm’s reported profitability and growth. Finally‚ the ratios help in obtaining a better understanding
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FINANCIAL RATIOS Financial ratios are indicators of a company’s performance as discernable from the company’s Balance Sheet and income Statement. We will discuss some of the simple ratios of a company and talk about their significance. Liquidity Ratios: Show the company’s ability to pay of its current liabilities from its current assets. 1. Current Ratio Current assets should be significantly higher than current liabilities so that the current ratio is higher than 2:1. 2. Quick Ratio (Acid
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Financial Ratios: What They MeanIn assessing the significance of various financial data‚ managers often engage in ratio analysis‚ the process of determining and evaluating financial ratios. A financial ratio is a relationship that indicates something about a company’s activities‚ such as the ratio between the company’s current assets and current liabilities or between its accounts receivable and its annual sales. The basic source for these ratios is the company’s financial statements that contain
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