GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY EXPERIMENT The purpose of this experiment is for the student: 1) to learn the general theoretical aspects of gas chromatography as a separation method‚ 2) to learn how to operate gas chromatographs specific to COD‚ 3) to become familiar with using the gas chromatograph (GC) to qualitatively identify components of mixtures‚ 4) to be introduced to and to interpret the quantitative data available via gas chromatography‚ 5) to gain insight into how the GC technique is used
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SOLIDS: Mass‚ Volume and Density Measurements A. Overview Review Sections 1.4 - 1.6 in your textbook (Chemistry: The Central Science‚ 9th Ed. ‚ Brown‚ LeMay‚ Bursten‚ & Burdge) This experiment will introduce you to a very important concept in science‚ especially chemistry: DENSITY. Density is the relationship between the mass of an object and the volume which it occupies. Solid substances generally have the greatest density‚ normally in the range of 1 - 25 g/cm3. Most liquids have densities between
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Abstract Finding the melting point of an organic substance is a practical and efficient way for scientists to identify an unknown substance or determine a known substance’s level of purity. When organic substances are mixed together in varying degrees they take on a melting characteristic that is lower and broader than in its pure form. This property was manipulated in the lab to observe the various melting points of Naphthalene and Biphenyl when the percentage of composition was altered. A
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How Chromatography Helps The Human Race Chromatography is the separation of a mixture by passing it in solution or suspension or as a vapor (as in gas chromatography) through a medium in which the components move at different rates. “Chromatography is done by making of a mixture move past the solids‚ or across the surface of a solid‚ like paper. The mixture is poured onto a solid surface. As the different components of the liquid run down the solid‚ some of them move more slowly than other. A component
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Thin Layer Chromatography Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for: CHE 324 Organic Chemistry Laboratory Dr. Robert Duncan Fall Semester 2012 Caitlin Inman‚ Team Leader October 9‚ 2012 Tyler Byrd‚ Data Collection Shared Role‚ Technique Expert Introduction: “Chromatography is used to separate components of a mixture. For example‚ imagine a mixture of wood pieces‚ pebbles‚ and large rocks to be separated and the chromatography setup as a stream. Flowing water
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for this course. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatography http://ull.chemistry.uakron.edu/analytical/Chromatography/ http://orgchem.colorado.edu/hndbksupport/TLC/TLC.html this is for TLC – similar to paper http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Chromatography_paper.html http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/JCESoft/Programs/CPL/Sample/modules/paprchrom/paprchromdesc.htm http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/JCESoft/Programs/CPL/Sample/modules/paprchrom/paprchromdesc.htm This site
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Rhoda James 10/22/2012 Common Substances in Living Systems Water is the most abundant substance in living cells; approximately 60% to 80%. Water molecules are polar‚ it determines why ionic bonded molecules dissociate in water. Hydrolysis is when water breaks down larger molecules of food during digestion. Water is considered to be a universal solvent. Water is also important for the transport of materials like hormones and enzymes within the blood plasma. Water helps to stabilize body temperature
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CHEM 2204 Chromatography Lab by wyk.wong » Fri Jul 11‚ 2014 10:25 am Results and Calculations Rf values Rf=(Distance moved by the spot (cm))/(Distance moved by the solvent front (cm)) Toluene: Rf=2 cm/3.8 cm=0.53 (Fluorenone) Rf=1.1 cm/3.8 cm=0.29 (Fluorene) Hexane: Rf=1.8 cm/2.2 cm=0.82 (Fluorene) Rf=0 cm/2.2 cm=0 (Fluorene Table 1: Experimental IR peaks compared to literature IR peaks for fluorenone Functional group Experimental peak (cm-1) Literature peak (cm-1) C-H 3010.5 3013
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1. Obtain 1 gram of an impure‚ unknown substance solid. Make sure to stir the mixture before measuring the sample; record the mixture’s code in the data section. 2. Add approx. 25-50 mL of water and several boiling chips to a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask and heat the water to a gentle boil using a hotplate. 3. On a second hotplate‚ place a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing the one gram of unknown solid along with a boiling chip. 4. Using a ring clamp‚ slowly pour approx. 5-10 mL of boiling water into
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Introduction Paper chromatography is a method using a chromatography paper to identify the many mixtures of one simple color. The word chromatography comes from the Greek words‚ "chroma‚" meaning color‚ and "grafein‚" meaning to write. The process of this experiment is to place a colored dot‚ such as marker ink‚ onto the chromatography paper‚ one centimeter away from the triangular tip. Next dip your chromatography paper into the solvent‚ not allowing it to touch the colored dot. Let it sit for
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