DIVIDEND POLICY DETERMINANTS: AN INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCES OF STAKEHOLDER THEORY by Mark E. Holder‚ Frederick W. Langrehr‚ J. Lawrence Hexter There is considerable debate on how dividend policy affects firm value. Some researchers believe that dividends increase shareholder wealth (Gordon‚ 1959)‚ others believe that dividends are irrelevant (Miller and Scholes‚ 1978)‚ and still others believe that dividends decrease shareholder wealth (Litzenberger and Ramaswamy‚ 1979). Financial management
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Sexual Appeal Advertisement Consumer Behavior and Brand Marketing Professor Young Jee Han Final Project 2013 Team No.6 2011310998 임재라 2011312629 유민영 2011311298 박하은 2009311577 전병주 Contents 1. Abstract ◆ 2. Problem Description ◆ 3. Literature Review 3.1 Concept of sexual appeal advertisement 3.2 Principles of sexual appeal advertisement 3.3 Characteristic of sexual appeal advertisement 3.4 Type of sexual appeal advertisement 3.5 Effectiveness of sexual appeal advertisement
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Characterization: There are generally two types of characterization‚ explicit (direct) and implicit (indirect) characterization. Explicit characterization: A character is portrayed by direct description of his outward appearance and by directly naming his human and mental qualities or abilities. Implicit characterization: A character is portrayed by what he does or by describing his environment. From what he does or from his surroundings one draws conclusions as to what kind of character
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reality‚ most of them fall woefully short of our inflated self-perception. This article explores four related sources of unintentional unethical decision making: 1. Implicit Prejudice: Bias that emerges from unconscious beliefs Most fair-minded people strive to judge others according to their merits. What makes implicit prejudice so common and persistent is that it is rooted in the fundamental mechanics of thought. Early on‚ we learn to associate things that commonly go together like rain
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According to the text‚ Economics Today- the micro view‚ explicit costs are defined as the ex-penses that business managers must take account of because they must actually be paid out by the firm. (p451‚ Leroy) The second term from the same text is implicit costs which is defined as expens-es that managers do not have to pay out of pocket. (p451‚ Leroy) Both economic and accounting profits have their place in the analysis of the firm’s activities. “Profitability is a term of economic efficiency
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else hurting after a night trussed up in the bag. (p. 37) Aku mengeluh punggungku sakit‚ leherku sakit‚ dan seluruh badanku sakit setelah semalaman dibungkus kantong tidur. (p. 39) In the data above the phrase the bag has an implicit meaning which is categorized into implicit situational meaning due to the time and place where the communication takes place. The story line showed that Andy trussed up in the bag at night before‚ it can be seen that the time when the speech took place showed the meaning
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socio-psychological concept of self-confidence relates to self-assuredness in one’s personal judgment‚ ability‚ power‚ etc.[1] Contents [hide] * 1 Source of self-confidence * 2 Factors affecting self-confidence * 3 The Wheel of Wellness * 4 Implicit vs. explicit self-confidence * 5 See also * 6 References * 7 External links | ------------------------------------------------- Source of self-confidence[edit] Professor Raj Persaud posits that true self-confidence comes from an attitude
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Problem 1 1. In 2008‚ Roma was a schoolteacher and earned $40‚000 for the entire year. But she enjoys creating cartoons‚ so at the beginning of 2009‚ Roma quit teaching and set to work as a cartoonist. She stopped renting out her basement for $5‚000 a year and began to use it as her office. She used $5‚000 from her savings account to buy a new computer which she expects will last for 5 years. She leased a printer for $150 a year. During 2009‚ Roma paid a total of $1‚250 for paper‚ utilities‚
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Assumption based planning in project management is a post-planning method‚ that helps companies to deal with uncertainty. It is used to identify the most important assumptions in a company’s business plans‚ test these assumptions and think of hedging actions and what-if scenarios. Conventional business planning methods operate on the premise that managers can extrapolate future results from a well-understood base of information from the past. However‚ for new businesses and projects this way of
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you?‚ Banaji et al. (2003) investigate four factors that result in unethical decision taken by managers: Implicit forms of prejudice‚ bias that favours one’s own group‚ a tendency to over claim credit‚ and conflict of interest. The authors believe that the implicit prejudice is an unconscious judgment which originates from unintentional tendency to create relationships in the past. The implicit bias brings about social and economic effects which may eliminate capable people from doing the right job
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